From 86b05b902aedbbb074e73bfe233b3ed006f19b39 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Andras Bacsai <5845193+andrasbacsai@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2026 14:20:29 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] fix(auth): enforce authorization checks across API and
 Livewire components

- Add authorization checks to API controller endpoints (view, create, update, delete)
- Wrap Livewire component methods with try-catch for consistent error handling
- Add AuthorizesRequests trait to components requiring authorization checks
- Ensure all sensitive operations verify user permissions before execution
- Implement unified error handling with handleError() helper function
---
 .../Api/CloudProviderTokensController.php     |   4 +
 app/Http/Controllers/Api/GithubController.php |   3 +
 .../Controllers/Api/HetznerController.php     |   1 +
 .../Controllers/Api/ProjectController.php     |   6 +
 .../Controllers/Api/SecurityController.php    |   4 +
 .../Controllers/Api/ServersController.php     |   5 +
 app/Http/Controllers/Api/TeamController.php   |   2 +
 app/Livewire/Project/Application/Heading.php  | 166 +++---
 app/Livewire/Project/Application/Previews.php |  24 +-
 app/Livewire/Project/Database/BackupNow.php   |  10 +-
 app/Livewire/Project/Database/Heading.php     |  20 +-
 .../Project/Database/ScheduledBackups.php     |  28 +-
 app/Livewire/Project/DeleteEnvironment.php    |  24 +-
 app/Livewire/Project/DeleteProject.php        |  24 +-
 app/Livewire/Project/Service/Heading.php      |  56 +-
 app/Livewire/Project/Shared/Destination.php   |  38 +-
 app/Livewire/Project/Shared/HealthChecks.php  |   8 +-
 .../Project/Shared/ResourceOperations.php     | 494 +++++++++---------
 app/Livewire/Security/ApiTokens.php           |  14 +
 app/Livewire/Security/CloudInitScriptForm.php |  20 +-
 .../Security/CloudProviderTokenForm.php       |   6 +-
 app/Livewire/Security/CloudProviderTokens.php |   8 +-
 app/Livewire/Security/PrivateKey/Index.php    |  10 +-
 app/Livewire/Server/New/ByHetzner.php         |  18 +-
 app/Livewire/Server/Proxy.php                 |  12 +-
 .../Proxy/DynamicConfigurationNavbar.php      |  50 +-
 app/Livewire/Server/Resources.php             |  33 +-
 app/Livewire/Server/Security/Patches.php      |  24 +-
 app/Livewire/Server/Show.php                  |  26 +-
 app/Livewire/Server/ValidateAndInstall.php    |  46 +-
 app/Livewire/SharedVariables/Project/Show.php |  10 +-
 app/Livewire/SharedVariables/Team/Index.php   |  10 +-
 app/Livewire/Storage/Show.php                 |   6 +-
 app/Livewire/Team/Index.php                   |  34 +-
 app/Models/Team.php                           |   2 +-
 app/Policies/ApiTokenPolicy.php               |  44 +-
 app/Policies/ApplicationPolicy.php            |  91 ++--
 app/Policies/ApplicationPreviewPolicy.php     |  51 +-
 app/Policies/ApplicationSettingPolicy.php     |  29 +-
 app/Policies/DatabasePolicy.php               |  60 ++-
 app/Policies/EnvironmentPolicy.php            |  29 +-
 app/Policies/EnvironmentVariablePolicy.php    |  33 +-
 app/Policies/GithubAppPolicy.php              |  22 +-
 app/Policies/NotificationPolicy.php           |  17 +-
 app/Policies/ProjectPolicy.php                |  18 +-
 app/Policies/ResourceCreatePolicy.php         |   6 +-
 app/Policies/ServerPolicy.php                 |  21 +-
 app/Policies/ServiceApplicationPolicy.php     |  15 +-
 app/Policies/ServiceDatabasePolicy.php        |  23 +-
 app/Policies/ServicePolicy.php                |  72 ++-
 .../SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy.php       |  18 +-
 app/Policies/StandaloneDockerPolicy.php       |   7 +-
 app/Policies/SwarmDockerPolicy.php            |   7 +-
 .../applications/advanced.blade.php           |   4 +-
 .../components/notification/navbar.blade.php  |   2 +-
 .../components/services/advanced.blade.php    |   8 +-
 .../project/application/heading.blade.php     | 154 +++---
 .../project/database/heading.blade.php        | 128 ++---
 .../project/service/heading.blade.php         |  14 +-
 .../project/shared/health-checks.blade.php    |  12 +-
 .../livewire/security/api-tokens.blade.php    |   9 +-
 .../views/livewire/server/navbar.blade.php    |   2 +-
 .../views/livewire/server/resources.blade.php |  32 +-
 tasks/lessons.md                              |  11 +
 tests/Feature/TeamPolicyTest.php              |  48 ++
 tests/Unit/Policies/ApiTokenPolicyTest.php    | 167 ++++++
 tests/Unit/Policies/ApplicationPolicyTest.php | 237 +++++++++
 .../Policies/ApplicationPreviewPolicyTest.php | 239 +++++++++
 .../Policies/ApplicationSettingPolicyTest.php | 178 +++++++
 tests/Unit/Policies/DatabasePolicyTest.php    | 221 ++++++++
 tests/Unit/Policies/EnvironmentPolicyTest.php | 155 ++++++
 .../EnvironmentVariablePolicyTest.php         | 199 +++++++
 tests/Unit/Policies/GithubAppPolicyTest.php   | 189 +++++++
 .../Unit/Policies/NotificationPolicyTest.php  | 175 +++++++
 tests/Unit/Policies/PrivateKeyPolicyTest.php  |  73 +--
 tests/Unit/Policies/ProjectPolicyTest.php     | 122 +++++
 .../Policies/ResourceCreatePolicyTest.php     |  61 +++
 tests/Unit/Policies/ServerPolicyTest.php      | 157 ++++++
 .../Policies/ServiceApplicationPolicyTest.php |  37 ++
 .../Policies/ServiceDatabasePolicyTest.php    |  37 ++
 tests/Unit/Policies/ServicePolicyTest.php     | 233 +++++++++
 .../SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicyTest.php   | 144 +++++
 .../Policies/StandaloneDockerPolicyTest.php   | 122 +++++
 tests/Unit/Policies/SwarmDockerPolicyTest.php | 122 +++++
 84 files changed, 4046 insertions(+), 1055 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 tasks/lessons.md
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/ApiTokenPolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/ApplicationPolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/ApplicationPreviewPolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/ApplicationSettingPolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/DatabasePolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/EnvironmentPolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/EnvironmentVariablePolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/GithubAppPolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/NotificationPolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/ProjectPolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/ResourceCreatePolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/ServerPolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/ServiceApplicationPolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/ServiceDatabasePolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/ServicePolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/StandaloneDockerPolicyTest.php
 create mode 100644 tests/Unit/Policies/SwarmDockerPolicyTest.php

diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/CloudProviderTokensController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/CloudProviderTokensController.php
index 5be82a31c..5ca7212fd 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/CloudProviderTokensController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/CloudProviderTokensController.php
@@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ class CloudProviderTokensController extends Controller
         if (is_null($token)) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Cloud provider token not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $token);
 
         return response()->json($this->removeSensitiveData($token));
     }
@@ -242,6 +243,7 @@ class CloudProviderTokensController extends Controller
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
+        $this->authorize('create', [CloudProviderToken::class]);
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
         if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
@@ -386,6 +388,7 @@ class CloudProviderTokensController extends Controller
         if (! $token) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Cloud provider token not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('update', $token);
 
         $token->update(array_intersect_key($body, array_flip($allowedFields)));
 
@@ -459,6 +462,7 @@ class CloudProviderTokensController extends Controller
         if (! $token) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Cloud provider token not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('delete', $token);
 
         if ($token->hasServers()) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Cannot delete token that is used by servers.'], 400);
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/GithubController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/GithubController.php
index f6a6b3513..b5cabcde0 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/GithubController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/GithubController.php
@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
+        $this->authorize('create', [GithubApp::class]);
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
         if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
@@ -555,6 +556,7 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
             $githubApp = GithubApp::where('id', $github_app_id)
                 ->where('team_id', $teamId)
                 ->firstOrFail();
+            $this->authorize('update', $githubApp);
 
             // Define allowed fields for update
             $allowedFields = [
@@ -721,6 +723,7 @@ class GithubController extends Controller
             $githubApp = GithubApp::where('id', $github_app_id)
                 ->where('team_id', $teamId)
                 ->firstOrFail();
+            $this->authorize('delete', $githubApp);
 
             // Check if the GitHub app is being used by any applications
             if ($githubApp->applications->isNotEmpty()) {
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/HetznerController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/HetznerController.php
index 2645c2df1..761e951ea 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/HetznerController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/HetznerController.php
@@ -548,6 +548,7 @@ class HetznerController extends Controller
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
+        $this->authorize('create', [Server::class]);
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
         if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ProjectController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ProjectController.php
index da553a68c..33b28fc59 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ProjectController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ProjectController.php
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         if (! $project) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Project not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $project);
 
         $project->load(['environments']);
 
@@ -232,6 +233,7 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
+        $this->authorize('create', [Project::class]);
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
         if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
@@ -378,6 +380,7 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         if (! $project) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Project not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('update', $project);
 
         $project->update($request->only($allowedFields));
 
@@ -455,6 +458,7 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         if (! $project) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Project not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('delete', $project);
         if (! $project->isEmpty()) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Project has resources, so it cannot be deleted.'], 400);
         }
@@ -630,6 +634,7 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         if (! $project) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Project not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('update', $project);
 
         $existingEnvironment = $project->environments()->where('name', $request->name)->first();
         if ($existingEnvironment) {
@@ -717,6 +722,7 @@ class ProjectController extends Controller
         if (! $environment) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Environment not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('delete', $environment);
 
         if (! $environment->isEmpty()) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Environment has resources, so it cannot be deleted.'], 400);
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/SecurityController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/SecurityController.php
index e7b36cb9a..4fe738871 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/SecurityController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/SecurityController.php
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ class SecurityController extends Controller
                 'message' => 'Private Key not found.',
             ], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $key);
 
         return response()->json($this->removeSensitiveData($key));
     }
@@ -175,6 +176,7 @@ class SecurityController extends Controller
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
+        $this->authorize('create', [PrivateKey::class]);
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
         if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
             return $return;
@@ -330,6 +332,7 @@ class SecurityController extends Controller
                 'message' => 'Private Key not found.',
             ], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('update', $foundKey);
         $foundKey->update($request->all());
 
         return response()->json(serializeApiResponse([
@@ -406,6 +409,7 @@ class SecurityController extends Controller
         if (is_null($key)) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Private Key not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('delete', $key);
 
         if ($key->isInUse()) {
             return response()->json([
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ServersController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ServersController.php
index 29c6b854a..67f61f347 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ServersController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ServersController.php
@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
         if (is_null($server)) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Server not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $server);
         if ($with_resources) {
             $server['resources'] = $server->definedResources()->map(function ($resource) {
                 $payload = [
@@ -464,6 +465,7 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
         if (is_null($teamId)) {
             return invalidTokenResponse();
         }
+        $this->authorize('create', [ModelsServer::class]);
 
         $return = validateIncomingRequest($request);
         if ($return instanceof \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse) {
@@ -664,6 +666,7 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
         if (! $server) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Server not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('update', $server);
         if ($request->proxy_type) {
             $validProxyTypes = collect(ProxyTypes::cases())->map(function ($proxyType) {
                 return str($proxyType->value)->lower();
@@ -757,6 +760,7 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
         if (! $server) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Server not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('delete', $server);
         if ($server->definedResources()->count() > 0) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Server has resources, so you need to delete them before.'], 400);
         }
@@ -835,6 +839,7 @@ class ServersController extends Controller
         if (! $server) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Server not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('update', $server);
         ValidateServer::dispatch($server);
 
         return response()->json(['message' => 'Validation started.'], 201);
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/TeamController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/TeamController.php
index fd0282d96..bd0f48809 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/TeamController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/TeamController.php
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ class TeamController extends Controller
         if (is_null($team)) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Team not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $team);
         $team = $this->removeSensitiveData($team);
 
         return response()->json(
@@ -176,6 +177,7 @@ class TeamController extends Controller
         if (is_null($team)) {
             return response()->json(['message' => 'Team not found.'], 404);
         }
+        $this->authorize('view', $team);
         $members = $team->members;
         $members->makeHidden([
             'pivot',
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Project/Application/Heading.php b/app/Livewire/Project/Application/Heading.php
index a46b2f19c..eb5b5f06c 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Project/Application/Heading.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Project/Application/Heading.php
@@ -65,58 +65,66 @@ class Heading extends Component
 
     public function force_deploy_without_cache()
     {
-        $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
 
-        $this->deploy(force_rebuild: true);
+            $this->deploy(force_rebuild: true);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function deploy(bool $force_rebuild = false)
     {
-        $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
 
-        if ($this->application->build_pack === 'dockercompose' && is_null($this->application->docker_compose_raw)) {
-            $this->dispatch('error', 'Failed to deploy', 'Please load a Compose file first.');
+            if ($this->application->build_pack === 'dockercompose' && is_null($this->application->docker_compose_raw)) {
+                $this->dispatch('error', 'Failed to deploy', 'Please load a Compose file first.');
 
-            return;
+                return;
+            }
+            if ($this->application->destination->server->isSwarm() && str($this->application->docker_registry_image_name)->isEmpty()) {
+                $this->dispatch('error', 'Failed to deploy.', 'To deploy to a Swarm cluster you must set a Docker image name first.');
+
+                return;
+            }
+            if (data_get($this->application, 'settings.is_build_server_enabled') && str($this->application->docker_registry_image_name)->isEmpty()) {
+                $this->dispatch('error', 'Failed to deploy.', 'To use a build server, you must first set a Docker image.<br>More information here: <a target="_blank" class="underline" href="https://coolify.io/docs/knowledge-base/server/build-server">documentation</a>');
+
+                return;
+            }
+            if ($this->application->additional_servers->count() > 0 && str($this->application->docker_registry_image_name)->isEmpty()) {
+                $this->dispatch('error', 'Failed to deploy.', 'Before deploying to multiple servers, you must first set a Docker image in the General tab.<br>More information here: <a target="_blank" class="underline" href="https://coolify.io/docs/knowledge-base/server/multiple-servers">documentation</a>');
+
+                return;
+            }
+            $this->setDeploymentUuid();
+            $result = queue_application_deployment(
+                application: $this->application,
+                deployment_uuid: $this->deploymentUuid,
+                force_rebuild: $force_rebuild,
+            );
+            if ($result['status'] === 'queue_full') {
+                $this->dispatch('error', 'Deployment queue full', $result['message']);
+
+                return;
+            }
+            if ($result['status'] === 'skipped') {
+                $this->dispatch('error', 'Deployment skipped', $result['message']);
+
+                return;
+            }
+
+            return $this->redirectRoute('project.application.deployment.show', [
+                'project_uuid' => $this->parameters['project_uuid'],
+                'application_uuid' => $this->parameters['application_uuid'],
+                'deployment_uuid' => $this->deploymentUuid,
+                'environment_uuid' => $this->parameters['environment_uuid'],
+            ], navigate: false);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
-        if ($this->application->destination->server->isSwarm() && str($this->application->docker_registry_image_name)->isEmpty()) {
-            $this->dispatch('error', 'Failed to deploy.', 'To deploy to a Swarm cluster you must set a Docker image name first.');
-
-            return;
-        }
-        if (data_get($this->application, 'settings.is_build_server_enabled') && str($this->application->docker_registry_image_name)->isEmpty()) {
-            $this->dispatch('error', 'Failed to deploy.', 'To use a build server, you must first set a Docker image.<br>More information here: <a target="_blank" class="underline" href="https://coolify.io/docs/knowledge-base/server/build-server">documentation</a>');
-
-            return;
-        }
-        if ($this->application->additional_servers->count() > 0 && str($this->application->docker_registry_image_name)->isEmpty()) {
-            $this->dispatch('error', 'Failed to deploy.', 'Before deploying to multiple servers, you must first set a Docker image in the General tab.<br>More information here: <a target="_blank" class="underline" href="https://coolify.io/docs/knowledge-base/server/multiple-servers">documentation</a>');
-
-            return;
-        }
-        $this->setDeploymentUuid();
-        $result = queue_application_deployment(
-            application: $this->application,
-            deployment_uuid: $this->deploymentUuid,
-            force_rebuild: $force_rebuild,
-        );
-        if ($result['status'] === 'queue_full') {
-            $this->dispatch('error', 'Deployment queue full', $result['message']);
-
-            return;
-        }
-        if ($result['status'] === 'skipped') {
-            $this->dispatch('error', 'Deployment skipped', $result['message']);
-
-            return;
-        }
-
-        return $this->redirectRoute('project.application.deployment.show', [
-            'project_uuid' => $this->parameters['project_uuid'],
-            'application_uuid' => $this->parameters['application_uuid'],
-            'deployment_uuid' => $this->deploymentUuid,
-            'environment_uuid' => $this->parameters['environment_uuid'],
-        ], navigate: false);
     }
 
     protected function setDeploymentUuid()
@@ -127,45 +135,53 @@ class Heading extends Component
 
     public function stop()
     {
-        $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
 
-        $this->dispatch('info', 'Gracefully stopping application.<br/>It could take a while depending on the application.');
-        StopApplication::dispatch($this->application, false, $this->docker_cleanup);
+            $this->dispatch('info', 'Gracefully stopping application.<br/>It could take a while depending on the application.');
+            StopApplication::dispatch($this->application, false, $this->docker_cleanup);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function restart()
     {
-        $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
 
-        if ($this->application->additional_servers->count() > 0 && str($this->application->docker_registry_image_name)->isEmpty()) {
-            $this->dispatch('error', 'Failed to deploy', 'Before deploying to multiple servers, you must first set a Docker image in the General tab.<br>More information here: <a target="_blank" class="underline" href="https://coolify.io/docs/knowledge-base/server/multiple-servers">documentation</a>');
+            if ($this->application->additional_servers->count() > 0 && str($this->application->docker_registry_image_name)->isEmpty()) {
+                $this->dispatch('error', 'Failed to deploy', 'Before deploying to multiple servers, you must first set a Docker image in the General tab.<br>More information here: <a target="_blank" class="underline" href="https://coolify.io/docs/knowledge-base/server/multiple-servers">documentation</a>');
 
-            return;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            $this->setDeploymentUuid();
+            $result = queue_application_deployment(
+                application: $this->application,
+                deployment_uuid: $this->deploymentUuid,
+                restart_only: true,
+            );
+            if ($result['status'] === 'queue_full') {
+                $this->dispatch('error', 'Deployment queue full', $result['message']);
+
+                return;
+            }
+            if ($result['status'] === 'skipped') {
+                $this->dispatch('success', 'Deployment skipped', $result['message']);
+
+                return;
+            }
+
+            return $this->redirectRoute('project.application.deployment.show', [
+                'project_uuid' => $this->parameters['project_uuid'],
+                'application_uuid' => $this->parameters['application_uuid'],
+                'deployment_uuid' => $this->deploymentUuid,
+                'environment_uuid' => $this->parameters['environment_uuid'],
+            ], navigate: false);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
-
-        $this->setDeploymentUuid();
-        $result = queue_application_deployment(
-            application: $this->application,
-            deployment_uuid: $this->deploymentUuid,
-            restart_only: true,
-        );
-        if ($result['status'] === 'queue_full') {
-            $this->dispatch('error', 'Deployment queue full', $result['message']);
-
-            return;
-        }
-        if ($result['status'] === 'skipped') {
-            $this->dispatch('success', 'Deployment skipped', $result['message']);
-
-            return;
-        }
-
-        return $this->redirectRoute('project.application.deployment.show', [
-            'project_uuid' => $this->parameters['project_uuid'],
-            'application_uuid' => $this->parameters['application_uuid'],
-            'deployment_uuid' => $this->deploymentUuid,
-            'environment_uuid' => $this->parameters['environment_uuid'],
-        ], navigate: false);
     }
 
     public function render()
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Project/Application/Previews.php b/app/Livewire/Project/Application/Previews.php
index 41f352c14..50acf76b2 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Project/Application/Previews.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Project/Application/Previews.php
@@ -215,24 +215,31 @@ class Previews extends Component
 
     public function force_deploy_without_cache(int $pull_request_id, ?string $pull_request_html_url = null)
     {
-        $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
 
-        $this->deploy($pull_request_id, $pull_request_html_url, force_rebuild: true);
+            $this->deploy($pull_request_id, $pull_request_html_url, force_rebuild: true);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function add_and_deploy(int $pull_request_id, ?string $pull_request_html_url = null)
     {
-        $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
 
-        $this->add($pull_request_id, $pull_request_html_url);
-        $this->deploy($pull_request_id, $pull_request_html_url);
+            $this->add($pull_request_id, $pull_request_html_url);
+            $this->deploy($pull_request_id, $pull_request_html_url);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function deploy(int $pull_request_id, ?string $pull_request_html_url = null, bool $force_rebuild = false)
     {
-        $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
-
         try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
             $this->setDeploymentUuid();
             $found = ApplicationPreview::where('application_id', $this->application->id)->where('pull_request_id', $pull_request_id)->first();
             if (! $found && ! is_null($pull_request_html_url)) {
@@ -291,9 +298,8 @@ class Previews extends Component
 
     public function stop(int $pull_request_id)
     {
-        $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
-
         try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->application);
             $server = $this->application->destination->server;
 
             if ($this->application->destination->server->isSwarm()) {
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Project/Database/BackupNow.php b/app/Livewire/Project/Database/BackupNow.php
index decd59a4c..e4ed2a366 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Project/Database/BackupNow.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Project/Database/BackupNow.php
@@ -14,9 +14,13 @@ class BackupNow extends Component
 
     public function backupNow()
     {
-        $this->authorize('manageBackups', $this->backup->database);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('manageBackups', $this->backup->database);
 
-        DatabaseBackupJob::dispatch($this->backup);
-        $this->dispatch('success', 'Backup queued. It will be available in a few minutes.');
+            DatabaseBackupJob::dispatch($this->backup);
+            $this->dispatch('success', 'Backup queued. It will be available in a few minutes.');
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Project/Database/Heading.php b/app/Livewire/Project/Database/Heading.php
index 8d3d8e294..ef2163f14 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Project/Database/Heading.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Project/Database/Heading.php
@@ -86,18 +86,26 @@ class Heading extends Component
 
     public function restart()
     {
-        $this->authorize('manage', $this->database);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('manage', $this->database);
 
-        $activity = RestartDatabase::run($this->database);
-        $this->dispatch('activityMonitor', $activity->id, ServiceStatusChanged::class);
+            $activity = RestartDatabase::run($this->database);
+            $this->dispatch('activityMonitor', $activity->id, ServiceStatusChanged::class);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function start()
     {
-        $this->authorize('manage', $this->database);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('manage', $this->database);
 
-        $activity = StartDatabase::run($this->database);
-        $this->dispatch('activityMonitor', $activity->id, ServiceStatusChanged::class);
+            $activity = StartDatabase::run($this->database);
+            $this->dispatch('activityMonitor', $activity->id, ServiceStatusChanged::class);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function render()
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Project/Database/ScheduledBackups.php b/app/Livewire/Project/Database/ScheduledBackups.php
index 1cf5e53f6..06473c56a 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Project/Database/ScheduledBackups.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Project/Database/ScheduledBackups.php
@@ -56,22 +56,30 @@ class ScheduledBackups extends Component
 
     public function setCustomType()
     {
-        $this->authorize('update', $this->database);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('update', $this->database);
 
-        $this->database->custom_type = $this->custom_type;
-        $this->database->save();
-        $this->dispatch('success', 'Database type set.');
-        $this->refreshScheduledBackups();
+            $this->database->custom_type = $this->custom_type;
+            $this->database->save();
+            $this->dispatch('success', 'Database type set.');
+            $this->refreshScheduledBackups();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function delete($scheduled_backup_id): void
     {
-        $backup = $this->database->scheduledBackups->find($scheduled_backup_id);
-        $this->authorize('manageBackups', $this->database);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('manageBackups', $this->database);
 
-        $backup->delete();
-        $this->dispatch('success', 'Scheduled backup deleted.');
-        $this->refreshScheduledBackups();
+            $backup = $this->database->scheduledBackups->find($scheduled_backup_id);
+            $backup->delete();
+            $this->dispatch('success', 'Scheduled backup deleted.');
+            $this->refreshScheduledBackups();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function refreshScheduledBackups(?int $id = null): void
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Project/DeleteEnvironment.php b/app/Livewire/Project/DeleteEnvironment.php
index aa6e95975..28027ce5a 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Project/DeleteEnvironment.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Project/DeleteEnvironment.php
@@ -30,18 +30,22 @@ class DeleteEnvironment extends Component
 
     public function delete()
     {
-        $this->validate([
-            'environment_id' => 'required|int',
-        ]);
-        $environment = Environment::findOrFail($this->environment_id);
-        $this->authorize('delete', $environment);
+        try {
+            $this->validate([
+                'environment_id' => 'required|int',
+            ]);
+            $environment = Environment::findOrFail($this->environment_id);
+            $this->authorize('delete', $environment);
 
-        if ($environment->isEmpty()) {
-            $environment->delete();
+            if ($environment->isEmpty()) {
+                $environment->delete();
 
-            return redirectRoute($this, 'project.show', ['project_uuid' => $this->parameters['project_uuid']]);
+                return redirectRoute($this, 'project.show', ['project_uuid' => $this->parameters['project_uuid']]);
+            }
+
+            return $this->dispatch('error', "<strong>Environment {$environment->name}</strong> has defined resources, please delete them first.");
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
-
-        return $this->dispatch('error', "<strong>Environment {$environment->name}</strong> has defined resources, please delete them first.");
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Project/DeleteProject.php b/app/Livewire/Project/DeleteProject.php
index a018046fd..0b99f57a4 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Project/DeleteProject.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Project/DeleteProject.php
@@ -26,18 +26,22 @@ class DeleteProject extends Component
 
     public function delete()
     {
-        $this->validate([
-            'project_id' => 'required|int',
-        ]);
-        $project = Project::findOrFail($this->project_id);
-        $this->authorize('delete', $project);
+        try {
+            $this->validate([
+                'project_id' => 'required|int',
+            ]);
+            $project = Project::findOrFail($this->project_id);
+            $this->authorize('delete', $project);
 
-        if ($project->isEmpty()) {
-            $project->delete();
+            if ($project->isEmpty()) {
+                $project->delete();
 
-            return redirectRoute($this, 'project.index');
+                return redirectRoute($this, 'project.index');
+            }
+
+            return $this->dispatch('error', "<strong>Project {$project->name}</strong> has resources defined, please delete them first.");
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
-
-        return $this->dispatch('error', "<strong>Project {$project->name}</strong> has resources defined, please delete them first.");
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Project/Service/Heading.php b/app/Livewire/Project/Service/Heading.php
index c8a08d8f9..adc2b151b 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Project/Service/Heading.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Project/Service/Heading.php
@@ -7,12 +7,15 @@ use App\Actions\Service\StartService;
 use App\Actions\Service\StopService;
 use App\Enums\ProcessStatus;
 use App\Models\Service;
+use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\Access\AuthorizesRequests;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
 use Livewire\Component;
 use Spatie\Activitylog\Models\Activity;
 
 class Heading extends Component
 {
+    use AuthorizesRequests;
+
     public Service $service;
 
     public array $parameters;
@@ -99,13 +102,19 @@ class Heading extends Component
 
     public function start()
     {
-        $activity = StartService::run($this->service, pullLatestImages: true);
-        $this->dispatch('activityMonitor', $activity->id);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->service);
+            $activity = StartService::run($this->service, pullLatestImages: true);
+            $this->dispatch('activityMonitor', $activity->id);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function forceDeploy()
     {
         try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->service);
             $activities = Activity::where('properties->type_uuid', $this->service->uuid)
                 ->where(function ($q) {
                     $q->where('properties->status', ProcessStatus::IN_PROGRESS->value)
@@ -117,42 +126,53 @@ class Heading extends Component
             }
             $activity = StartService::run($this->service, pullLatestImages: true, stopBeforeStart: true);
             $this->dispatch('activityMonitor', $activity->id);
-        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            $this->dispatch('error', $e->getMessage());
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
     }
 
     public function stop()
     {
         try {
+            $this->authorize('stop', $this->service);
             StopService::dispatch($this->service, false, $this->docker_cleanup);
-        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            $this->dispatch('error', $e->getMessage());
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
     }
 
     public function restart()
     {
-        $this->checkDeployments();
-        if ($this->isDeploymentProgress) {
-            $this->dispatch('error', 'There is a deployment in progress.');
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->service);
+            $this->checkDeployments();
+            if ($this->isDeploymentProgress) {
+                $this->dispatch('error', 'There is a deployment in progress.');
 
-            return;
+                return;
+            }
+            $activity = StartService::run($this->service, stopBeforeStart: true);
+            $this->dispatch('activityMonitor', $activity->id);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
-        $activity = StartService::run($this->service, stopBeforeStart: true);
-        $this->dispatch('activityMonitor', $activity->id);
     }
 
     public function pullAndRestartEvent()
     {
-        $this->checkDeployments();
-        if ($this->isDeploymentProgress) {
-            $this->dispatch('error', 'There is a deployment in progress.');
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->service);
+            $this->checkDeployments();
+            if ($this->isDeploymentProgress) {
+                $this->dispatch('error', 'There is a deployment in progress.');
 
-            return;
+                return;
+            }
+            $activity = StartService::run($this->service, pullLatestImages: true, stopBeforeStart: true);
+            $this->dispatch('activityMonitor', $activity->id);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
-        $activity = StartService::run($this->service, pullLatestImages: true, stopBeforeStart: true);
-        $this->dispatch('activityMonitor', $activity->id);
     }
 
     public function render()
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Project/Shared/Destination.php b/app/Livewire/Project/Shared/Destination.php
index 7ab81b7d1..1eb1dc580 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Project/Shared/Destination.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Project/Shared/Destination.php
@@ -7,12 +7,15 @@ use App\Actions\Docker\GetContainersStatus;
 use App\Events\ApplicationStatusChanged;
 use App\Models\Server;
 use App\Models\StandaloneDocker;
+use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\Access\AuthorizesRequests;
 use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
 use Livewire\Component;
 use Visus\Cuid2\Cuid2;
 
 class Destination extends Component
 {
+    use AuthorizesRequests;
+
     public $resource;
 
     public Collection $networks;
@@ -59,6 +62,7 @@ class Destination extends Component
     public function stop($serverId)
     {
         try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->resource);
             $server = Server::ownedByCurrentTeam()->findOrFail($serverId);
             StopApplicationOneServer::run($this->resource, $server);
             $this->refreshServers();
@@ -70,6 +74,7 @@ class Destination extends Component
     public function redeploy(int $network_id, int $server_id)
     {
         try {
+            $this->authorize('deploy', $this->resource);
             if ($this->resource->additional_servers->count() > 0 && str($this->resource->docker_registry_image_name)->isEmpty()) {
                 $this->dispatch('error', 'Failed to deploy.', 'Before deploying to multiple servers, you must first set a Docker image in the General tab.<br>More information here: <a target="_blank" class="underline" href="https://coolify.io/docs/knowledge-base/server/multiple-servers">documentation</a>');
 
@@ -110,15 +115,20 @@ class Destination extends Component
 
     public function promote(int $network_id, int $server_id)
     {
-        $main_destination = $this->resource->destination;
-        $this->resource->update([
-            'destination_id' => $network_id,
-            'destination_type' => StandaloneDocker::class,
-        ]);
-        $this->resource->additional_networks()->detach($network_id, ['server_id' => $server_id]);
-        $this->resource->additional_networks()->attach($main_destination->id, ['server_id' => $main_destination->server->id]);
-        $this->refreshServers();
-        $this->resource->refresh();
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('update', $this->resource);
+            $main_destination = $this->resource->destination;
+            $this->resource->update([
+                'destination_id' => $network_id,
+                'destination_type' => StandaloneDocker::class,
+            ]);
+            $this->resource->additional_networks()->detach($network_id, ['server_id' => $server_id]);
+            $this->resource->additional_networks()->attach($main_destination->id, ['server_id' => $main_destination->server->id]);
+            $this->refreshServers();
+            $this->resource->refresh();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function refreshServers()
@@ -130,13 +140,19 @@ class Destination extends Component
 
     public function addServer(int $network_id, int $server_id)
     {
-        $this->resource->additional_networks()->attach($network_id, ['server_id' => $server_id]);
-        $this->dispatch('refresh');
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('update', $this->resource);
+            $this->resource->additional_networks()->attach($network_id, ['server_id' => $server_id]);
+            $this->dispatch('refresh');
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function removeServer(int $network_id, int $server_id, $password)
     {
         try {
+            $this->authorize('update', $this->resource);
             if (! verifyPasswordConfirmation($password, $this)) {
                 return;
             }
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Project/Shared/HealthChecks.php b/app/Livewire/Project/Shared/HealthChecks.php
index df2de5142..0a47034fd 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Project/Shared/HealthChecks.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Project/Shared/HealthChecks.php
@@ -70,8 +70,12 @@ class HealthChecks extends Component
 
     public function mount()
     {
-        $this->authorize('view', $this->resource);
-        $this->syncData();
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('view', $this->resource);
+            $this->syncData();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function syncData(bool $toModel = false): void
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Project/Shared/ResourceOperations.php b/app/Livewire/Project/Shared/ResourceOperations.php
index e769e4bcb..25545c4b0 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Project/Shared/ResourceOperations.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Project/Shared/ResourceOperations.php
@@ -47,224 +47,87 @@ class ResourceOperations extends Component
 
     public function cloneTo($destination_id)
     {
-        $this->authorize('update', $this->resource);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('update', $this->resource);
 
-        $teamScope = fn ($q) => $q->where('team_id', currentTeam()->id);
-        $new_destination = StandaloneDocker::whereHas('server', $teamScope)->find($destination_id);
-        if (! $new_destination) {
-            $new_destination = SwarmDocker::whereHas('server', $teamScope)->find($destination_id);
-        }
-        if (! $new_destination) {
-            return $this->addError('destination_id', 'Destination not found.');
-        }
-        $uuid = (string) new Cuid2;
-        $server = $new_destination->server;
-
-        if ($this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\Application::class) {
-            $new_resource = clone_application($this->resource, $new_destination, ['uuid' => $uuid], $this->cloneVolumeData);
-
-            $route = route('project.application.configuration', [
-                'project_uuid' => $this->projectUuid,
-                'environment_uuid' => $this->environmentUuid,
-                'application_uuid' => $new_resource->uuid,
-            ]).'#resource-operations';
-
-            return redirect()->to($route);
-        } elseif (
-            $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandalonePostgresql::class ||
-            $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneMongodb::class ||
-            $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneMysql::class ||
-            $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneMariadb::class ||
-            $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneRedis::class ||
-            $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneKeydb::class ||
-            $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneDragonfly::class ||
-            $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneClickhouse::class
-        ) {
+            $teamScope = fn ($q) => $q->where('team_id', currentTeam()->id);
+            $new_destination = StandaloneDocker::whereHas('server', $teamScope)->find($destination_id);
+            if (! $new_destination) {
+                $new_destination = SwarmDocker::whereHas('server', $teamScope)->find($destination_id);
+            }
+            if (! $new_destination) {
+                return $this->addError('destination_id', 'Destination not found.');
+            }
             $uuid = (string) new Cuid2;
-            $new_resource = $this->resource->replicate([
-                'id',
-                'created_at',
-                'updated_at',
-            ])->fill([
-                'uuid' => $uuid,
-                'name' => $this->resource->name.'-clone-'.$uuid,
-                'status' => 'exited',
-                'started_at' => null,
-                'destination_id' => $new_destination->id,
-            ]);
-            $new_resource->save();
+            $server = $new_destination->server;
 
-            $tags = $this->resource->tags;
-            foreach ($tags as $tag) {
-                $new_resource->tags()->attach($tag->id);
-            }
+            if ($this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\Application::class) {
+                $new_resource = clone_application($this->resource, $new_destination, ['uuid' => $uuid], $this->cloneVolumeData);
 
-            $new_resource->persistentStorages()->delete();
-            $persistentVolumes = $this->resource->persistentStorages()->get();
-            foreach ($persistentVolumes as $volume) {
-                $originalName = $volume->name;
-                $newName = '';
+                $route = route('project.application.configuration', [
+                    'project_uuid' => $this->projectUuid,
+                    'environment_uuid' => $this->environmentUuid,
+                    'application_uuid' => $new_resource->uuid,
+                ]).'#resource-operations';
 
-                if (str_starts_with($originalName, 'postgres-data-')) {
-                    $newName = 'postgres-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
-                } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'mysql-data-')) {
-                    $newName = 'mysql-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
-                } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'redis-data-')) {
-                    $newName = 'redis-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
-                } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'clickhouse-data-')) {
-                    $newName = 'clickhouse-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
-                } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'mariadb-data-')) {
-                    $newName = 'mariadb-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
-                } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'mongodb-data-')) {
-                    $newName = 'mongodb-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
-                } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'keydb-data-')) {
-                    $newName = 'keydb-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
-                } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'dragonfly-data-')) {
-                    $newName = 'dragonfly-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
-                } else {
-                    if (str_starts_with($volume->name, $this->resource->uuid)) {
-                        $newName = str($volume->name)->replace($this->resource->uuid, $new_resource->uuid);
-                    } else {
-                        $newName = $new_resource->uuid.'-'.$volume->name;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                $newPersistentVolume = $volume->replicate([
-                    'id',
-                    'created_at',
-                    'updated_at',
-                ])->fill([
-                    'name' => $newName,
-                    'resource_id' => $new_resource->id,
-                ]);
-                $newPersistentVolume->save();
-
-                if ($this->cloneVolumeData) {
-                    try {
-                        StopDatabase::dispatch($this->resource);
-                        $sourceVolume = $volume->name;
-                        $targetVolume = $newPersistentVolume->name;
-                        $sourceServer = $this->resource->destination->server;
-                        $targetServer = $new_resource->destination->server;
-
-                        VolumeCloneJob::dispatch($sourceVolume, $targetVolume, $sourceServer, $targetServer, $newPersistentVolume);
-
-                        StartDatabase::dispatch($this->resource);
-                    } catch (\Exception $e) {
-                        \Log::error('Failed to copy volume data for '.$volume->name.': '.$e->getMessage());
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            $fileStorages = $this->resource->fileStorages()->get();
-            foreach ($fileStorages as $storage) {
-                $newStorage = $storage->replicate([
-                    'id',
-                    'created_at',
-                    'updated_at',
-                ])->fill([
-                    'resource_id' => $new_resource->id,
-                ]);
-                $newStorage->save();
-            }
-
-            $scheduledBackups = $this->resource->scheduledBackups()->get();
-            foreach ($scheduledBackups as $backup) {
+                return redirect()->to($route);
+            } elseif (
+                $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandalonePostgresql::class ||
+                $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneMongodb::class ||
+                $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneMysql::class ||
+                $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneMariadb::class ||
+                $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneRedis::class ||
+                $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneKeydb::class ||
+                $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneDragonfly::class ||
+                $this->resource->getMorphClass() === \App\Models\StandaloneClickhouse::class
+            ) {
                 $uuid = (string) new Cuid2;
-                $newBackup = $backup->replicate([
+                $new_resource = $this->resource->replicate([
                     'id',
                     'created_at',
                     'updated_at',
                 ])->fill([
                     'uuid' => $uuid,
-                    'database_id' => $new_resource->id,
-                    'database_type' => $new_resource->getMorphClass(),
-                    'team_id' => currentTeam()->id,
-                ]);
-                $newBackup->save();
-            }
-
-            $environmentVaribles = $this->resource->environment_variables()->get();
-            foreach ($environmentVaribles as $environmentVarible) {
-                $payload = [
-                    'resourceable_id' => $new_resource->id,
-                    'resourceable_type' => $new_resource->getMorphClass(),
-                ];
-                $newEnvironmentVariable = $environmentVarible->replicate([
-                    'id',
-                    'created_at',
-                    'updated_at',
-                ])->fill($payload);
-                $newEnvironmentVariable->save();
-            }
-
-            $route = route('project.database.configuration', [
-                'project_uuid' => $this->projectUuid,
-                'environment_uuid' => $this->environmentUuid,
-                'database_uuid' => $new_resource->uuid,
-            ]).'#resource-operations';
-
-            return redirect()->to($route);
-        } elseif ($this->resource->type() === 'service') {
-            $uuid = (string) new Cuid2;
-            $new_resource = $this->resource->replicate([
-                'id',
-                'created_at',
-                'updated_at',
-            ])->fill([
-                'uuid' => $uuid,
-                'name' => $this->resource->name.'-clone-'.$uuid,
-                'destination_id' => $new_destination->id,
-                'destination_type' => $new_destination->getMorphClass(),
-                'server_id' => $new_destination->server_id, // server_id is probably not needed anymore because of the new polymorphic relationships (here it is needed for clone to a different server to work - but maybe we can drop the column)
-            ]);
-
-            $new_resource->save();
-
-            $tags = $this->resource->tags;
-            foreach ($tags as $tag) {
-                $new_resource->tags()->attach($tag->id);
-            }
-
-            $scheduledTasks = $this->resource->scheduled_tasks()->get();
-            foreach ($scheduledTasks as $task) {
-                $newTask = $task->replicate([
-                    'id',
-                    'created_at',
-                    'updated_at',
-                ])->fill([
-                    'uuid' => (string) new Cuid2,
-                    'service_id' => $new_resource->id,
-                    'team_id' => currentTeam()->id,
-                ]);
-                $newTask->save();
-            }
-
-            $environmentVariables = $this->resource->environment_variables()->get();
-            foreach ($environmentVariables as $environmentVariable) {
-                $newEnvironmentVariable = $environmentVariable->replicate([
-                    'id',
-                    'created_at',
-                    'updated_at',
-                ])->fill([
-                    'resourceable_id' => $new_resource->id,
-                    'resourceable_type' => $new_resource->getMorphClass(),
-                ]);
-                $newEnvironmentVariable->save();
-            }
-
-            foreach ($new_resource->applications() as $application) {
-                $application->update([
+                    'name' => $this->resource->name.'-clone-'.$uuid,
                     'status' => 'exited',
+                    'started_at' => null,
+                    'destination_id' => $new_destination->id,
                 ]);
+                $new_resource->save();
 
-                $persistentVolumes = $application->persistentStorages()->get();
+                $tags = $this->resource->tags;
+                foreach ($tags as $tag) {
+                    $new_resource->tags()->attach($tag->id);
+                }
+
+                $new_resource->persistentStorages()->delete();
+                $persistentVolumes = $this->resource->persistentStorages()->get();
                 foreach ($persistentVolumes as $volume) {
+                    $originalName = $volume->name;
                     $newName = '';
-                    if (str_starts_with($volume->name, $volume->resource->uuid)) {
-                        $newName = str($volume->name)->replace($volume->resource->uuid, $application->uuid);
+
+                    if (str_starts_with($originalName, 'postgres-data-')) {
+                        $newName = 'postgres-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
+                    } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'mysql-data-')) {
+                        $newName = 'mysql-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
+                    } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'redis-data-')) {
+                        $newName = 'redis-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
+                    } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'clickhouse-data-')) {
+                        $newName = 'clickhouse-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
+                    } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'mariadb-data-')) {
+                        $newName = 'mariadb-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
+                    } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'mongodb-data-')) {
+                        $newName = 'mongodb-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
+                    } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'keydb-data-')) {
+                        $newName = 'keydb-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
+                    } elseif (str_starts_with($originalName, 'dragonfly-data-')) {
+                        $newName = 'dragonfly-data-'.$new_resource->uuid;
                     } else {
-                        $newName = $application->uuid.'-'.str($volume->name)->afterLast('-');
+                        if (str_starts_with($volume->name, $this->resource->uuid)) {
+                            $newName = str($volume->name)->replace($this->resource->uuid, $new_resource->uuid);
+                        } else {
+                            $newName = $new_resource->uuid.'-'.$volume->name;
+                        }
                     }
 
                     $newPersistentVolume = $volume->replicate([
@@ -273,79 +136,220 @@ class ResourceOperations extends Component
                         'updated_at',
                     ])->fill([
                         'name' => $newName,
-                        'resource_id' => $application->id,
+                        'resource_id' => $new_resource->id,
                     ]);
                     $newPersistentVolume->save();
 
                     if ($this->cloneVolumeData) {
                         try {
-                            StopService::dispatch($application);
+                            StopDatabase::dispatch($this->resource);
                             $sourceVolume = $volume->name;
                             $targetVolume = $newPersistentVolume->name;
-                            $sourceServer = $application->service->destination->server;
+                            $sourceServer = $this->resource->destination->server;
                             $targetServer = $new_resource->destination->server;
 
                             VolumeCloneJob::dispatch($sourceVolume, $targetVolume, $sourceServer, $targetServer, $newPersistentVolume);
 
-                            StartService::dispatch($application);
+                            StartDatabase::dispatch($this->resource);
                         } catch (\Exception $e) {
                             \Log::error('Failed to copy volume data for '.$volume->name.': '.$e->getMessage());
                         }
                     }
                 }
-            }
 
-            foreach ($new_resource->databases() as $database) {
-                $database->update([
-                    'status' => 'exited',
-                ]);
-
-                $persistentVolumes = $database->persistentStorages()->get();
-                foreach ($persistentVolumes as $volume) {
-                    $newName = '';
-                    if (str_starts_with($volume->name, $volume->resource->uuid)) {
-                        $newName = str($volume->name)->replace($volume->resource->uuid, $database->uuid);
-                    } else {
-                        $newName = $database->uuid.'-'.str($volume->name)->afterLast('-');
-                    }
-
-                    $newPersistentVolume = $volume->replicate([
+                $fileStorages = $this->resource->fileStorages()->get();
+                foreach ($fileStorages as $storage) {
+                    $newStorage = $storage->replicate([
                         'id',
                         'created_at',
                         'updated_at',
                     ])->fill([
-                        'name' => $newName,
-                        'resource_id' => $database->id,
+                        'resource_id' => $new_resource->id,
                     ]);
-                    $newPersistentVolume->save();
+                    $newStorage->save();
+                }
 
-                    if ($this->cloneVolumeData) {
-                        try {
-                            StopService::dispatch($database->service);
-                            $sourceVolume = $volume->name;
-                            $targetVolume = $newPersistentVolume->name;
-                            $sourceServer = $database->service->destination->server;
-                            $targetServer = $new_resource->destination->server;
+                $scheduledBackups = $this->resource->scheduledBackups()->get();
+                foreach ($scheduledBackups as $backup) {
+                    $uuid = (string) new Cuid2;
+                    $newBackup = $backup->replicate([
+                        'id',
+                        'created_at',
+                        'updated_at',
+                    ])->fill([
+                        'uuid' => $uuid,
+                        'database_id' => $new_resource->id,
+                        'database_type' => $new_resource->getMorphClass(),
+                        'team_id' => currentTeam()->id,
+                    ]);
+                    $newBackup->save();
+                }
 
-                            VolumeCloneJob::dispatch($sourceVolume, $targetVolume, $sourceServer, $targetServer, $newPersistentVolume);
+                $environmentVaribles = $this->resource->environment_variables()->get();
+                foreach ($environmentVaribles as $environmentVarible) {
+                    $payload = [
+                        'resourceable_id' => $new_resource->id,
+                        'resourceable_type' => $new_resource->getMorphClass(),
+                    ];
+                    $newEnvironmentVariable = $environmentVarible->replicate([
+                        'id',
+                        'created_at',
+                        'updated_at',
+                    ])->fill($payload);
+                    $newEnvironmentVariable->save();
+                }
 
-                            StartService::dispatch($database->service);
-                        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-                            \Log::error('Failed to copy volume data for '.$volume->name.': '.$e->getMessage());
+                $route = route('project.database.configuration', [
+                    'project_uuid' => $this->projectUuid,
+                    'environment_uuid' => $this->environmentUuid,
+                    'database_uuid' => $new_resource->uuid,
+                ]).'#resource-operations';
+
+                return redirect()->to($route);
+            } elseif ($this->resource->type() === 'service') {
+                $uuid = (string) new Cuid2;
+                $new_resource = $this->resource->replicate([
+                    'id',
+                    'created_at',
+                    'updated_at',
+                ])->fill([
+                    'uuid' => $uuid,
+                    'name' => $this->resource->name.'-clone-'.$uuid,
+                    'destination_id' => $new_destination->id,
+                    'destination_type' => $new_destination->getMorphClass(),
+                    'server_id' => $new_destination->server_id, // server_id is probably not needed anymore because of the new polymorphic relationships (here it is needed for clone to a different server to work - but maybe we can drop the column)
+                ]);
+
+                $new_resource->save();
+
+                $tags = $this->resource->tags;
+                foreach ($tags as $tag) {
+                    $new_resource->tags()->attach($tag->id);
+                }
+
+                $scheduledTasks = $this->resource->scheduled_tasks()->get();
+                foreach ($scheduledTasks as $task) {
+                    $newTask = $task->replicate([
+                        'id',
+                        'created_at',
+                        'updated_at',
+                    ])->fill([
+                        'uuid' => (string) new Cuid2,
+                        'service_id' => $new_resource->id,
+                        'team_id' => currentTeam()->id,
+                    ]);
+                    $newTask->save();
+                }
+
+                $environmentVariables = $this->resource->environment_variables()->get();
+                foreach ($environmentVariables as $environmentVariable) {
+                    $newEnvironmentVariable = $environmentVariable->replicate([
+                        'id',
+                        'created_at',
+                        'updated_at',
+                    ])->fill([
+                        'resourceable_id' => $new_resource->id,
+                        'resourceable_type' => $new_resource->getMorphClass(),
+                    ]);
+                    $newEnvironmentVariable->save();
+                }
+
+                foreach ($new_resource->applications() as $application) {
+                    $application->update([
+                        'status' => 'exited',
+                    ]);
+
+                    $persistentVolumes = $application->persistentStorages()->get();
+                    foreach ($persistentVolumes as $volume) {
+                        $newName = '';
+                        if (str_starts_with($volume->name, $volume->resource->uuid)) {
+                            $newName = str($volume->name)->replace($volume->resource->uuid, $application->uuid);
+                        } else {
+                            $newName = $application->uuid.'-'.str($volume->name)->afterLast('-');
+                        }
+
+                        $newPersistentVolume = $volume->replicate([
+                            'id',
+                            'created_at',
+                            'updated_at',
+                        ])->fill([
+                            'name' => $newName,
+                            'resource_id' => $application->id,
+                        ]);
+                        $newPersistentVolume->save();
+
+                        if ($this->cloneVolumeData) {
+                            try {
+                                StopService::dispatch($application);
+                                $sourceVolume = $volume->name;
+                                $targetVolume = $newPersistentVolume->name;
+                                $sourceServer = $application->service->destination->server;
+                                $targetServer = $new_resource->destination->server;
+
+                                VolumeCloneJob::dispatch($sourceVolume, $targetVolume, $sourceServer, $targetServer, $newPersistentVolume);
+
+                                StartService::dispatch($application);
+                            } catch (\Exception $e) {
+                                \Log::error('Failed to copy volume data for '.$volume->name.': '.$e->getMessage());
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                 }
+
+                foreach ($new_resource->databases() as $database) {
+                    $database->update([
+                        'status' => 'exited',
+                    ]);
+
+                    $persistentVolumes = $database->persistentStorages()->get();
+                    foreach ($persistentVolumes as $volume) {
+                        $newName = '';
+                        if (str_starts_with($volume->name, $volume->resource->uuid)) {
+                            $newName = str($volume->name)->replace($volume->resource->uuid, $database->uuid);
+                        } else {
+                            $newName = $database->uuid.'-'.str($volume->name)->afterLast('-');
+                        }
+
+                        $newPersistentVolume = $volume->replicate([
+                            'id',
+                            'created_at',
+                            'updated_at',
+                        ])->fill([
+                            'name' => $newName,
+                            'resource_id' => $database->id,
+                        ]);
+                        $newPersistentVolume->save();
+
+                        if ($this->cloneVolumeData) {
+                            try {
+                                StopService::dispatch($database->service);
+                                $sourceVolume = $volume->name;
+                                $targetVolume = $newPersistentVolume->name;
+                                $sourceServer = $database->service->destination->server;
+                                $targetServer = $new_resource->destination->server;
+
+                                VolumeCloneJob::dispatch($sourceVolume, $targetVolume, $sourceServer, $targetServer, $newPersistentVolume);
+
+                                StartService::dispatch($database->service);
+                            } catch (\Exception $e) {
+                                \Log::error('Failed to copy volume data for '.$volume->name.': '.$e->getMessage());
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                $new_resource->parse();
+
+                $route = route('project.service.configuration', [
+                    'project_uuid' => $this->projectUuid,
+                    'environment_uuid' => $this->environmentUuid,
+                    'service_uuid' => $new_resource->uuid,
+                ]).'#resource-operations';
+
+                return redirect()->to($route);
             }
-
-            $new_resource->parse();
-
-            $route = route('project.service.configuration', [
-                'project_uuid' => $this->projectUuid,
-                'environment_uuid' => $this->environmentUuid,
-                'service_uuid' => $new_resource->uuid,
-            ]).'#resource-operations';
-
-            return redirect()->to($route);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Security/ApiTokens.php b/app/Livewire/Security/ApiTokens.php
index a263acedf..d22d5d9fc 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Security/ApiTokens.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Security/ApiTokens.php
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ class ApiTokens extends Component
 
     public bool $canUseWritePermissions = false;
 
+    public bool $canUseDeployPermissions = false;
+
     public function render()
     {
         return view('livewire.security.api-tokens');
@@ -33,6 +35,7 @@ class ApiTokens extends Component
         $this->isApiEnabled = InstanceSettings::get()->is_api_enabled;
         $this->canUseRootPermissions = auth()->user()->can('useRootPermissions', PersonalAccessToken::class);
         $this->canUseWritePermissions = auth()->user()->can('useWritePermissions', PersonalAccessToken::class);
+        $this->canUseDeployPermissions = auth()->user()->can('useDeployPermissions', PersonalAccessToken::class);
         $this->getTokens();
     }
 
@@ -60,6 +63,13 @@ class ApiTokens extends Component
             return;
         }
 
+        if ($permissionToUpdate == 'deploy' && ! $this->canUseDeployPermissions) {
+            $this->dispatch('error', 'You do not have permission to use deploy permissions.');
+            $this->permissions = array_diff($this->permissions, ['deploy']);
+
+            return;
+        }
+
         if ($permissionToUpdate == 'root') {
             $this->permissions = ['root'];
         } elseif ($permissionToUpdate == 'read:sensitive' && ! in_array('read', $this->permissions)) {
@@ -88,6 +98,10 @@ class ApiTokens extends Component
                 throw new \Exception('You do not have permission to create tokens with write permissions.');
             }
 
+            if (in_array('deploy', $this->permissions) && ! $this->canUseDeployPermissions) {
+                throw new \Exception('You do not have permission to create tokens with deploy permissions.');
+            }
+
             $this->validate([
                 'description' => 'required|min:3|max:255',
             ]);
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Security/CloudInitScriptForm.php b/app/Livewire/Security/CloudInitScriptForm.php
index 33beff334..5e4ca9853 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Security/CloudInitScriptForm.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Security/CloudInitScriptForm.php
@@ -20,15 +20,19 @@ class CloudInitScriptForm extends Component
 
     public function mount(?int $scriptId = null)
     {
-        if ($scriptId) {
-            $this->scriptId = $scriptId;
-            $cloudInitScript = CloudInitScript::ownedByCurrentTeam()->findOrFail($scriptId);
-            $this->authorize('update', $cloudInitScript);
+        try {
+            if ($scriptId) {
+                $this->scriptId = $scriptId;
+                $cloudInitScript = CloudInitScript::ownedByCurrentTeam()->findOrFail($scriptId);
+                $this->authorize('update', $cloudInitScript);
 
-            $this->name = $cloudInitScript->name;
-            $this->script = $cloudInitScript->script;
-        } else {
-            $this->authorize('create', CloudInitScript::class);
+                $this->name = $cloudInitScript->name;
+                $this->script = $cloudInitScript->script;
+            } else {
+                $this->authorize('create', CloudInitScript::class);
+            }
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Security/CloudProviderTokenForm.php b/app/Livewire/Security/CloudProviderTokenForm.php
index 7affb1531..ec4513ff3 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Security/CloudProviderTokenForm.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Security/CloudProviderTokenForm.php
@@ -21,7 +21,11 @@ class CloudProviderTokenForm extends Component
 
     public function mount()
     {
-        $this->authorize('create', CloudProviderToken::class);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('create', CloudProviderToken::class);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     protected function rules(): array
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Security/CloudProviderTokens.php b/app/Livewire/Security/CloudProviderTokens.php
index cfef30772..b7f389534 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Security/CloudProviderTokens.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Security/CloudProviderTokens.php
@@ -14,8 +14,12 @@ class CloudProviderTokens extends Component
 
     public function mount()
     {
-        $this->authorize('viewAny', CloudProviderToken::class);
-        $this->loadTokens();
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('viewAny', CloudProviderToken::class);
+            $this->loadTokens();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function getListeners()
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Security/PrivateKey/Index.php b/app/Livewire/Security/PrivateKey/Index.php
index 1eb66ae3e..0362b65fa 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Security/PrivateKey/Index.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Security/PrivateKey/Index.php
@@ -21,8 +21,12 @@ class Index extends Component
 
     public function cleanupUnusedKeys()
     {
-        $this->authorize('create', PrivateKey::class);
-        PrivateKey::cleanupUnusedKeys();
-        $this->dispatch('success', 'Unused keys have been cleaned up.');
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('create', PrivateKey::class);
+            PrivateKey::cleanupUnusedKeys();
+            $this->dispatch('success', 'Unused keys have been cleaned up.');
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Server/New/ByHetzner.php b/app/Livewire/Server/New/ByHetzner.php
index f1ffa60f2..e8df99d65 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Server/New/ByHetzner.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Server/New/ByHetzner.php
@@ -78,14 +78,18 @@ class ByHetzner extends Component
 
     public function mount()
     {
-        $this->authorize('viewAny', CloudProviderToken::class);
-        $this->loadTokens();
-        $this->loadSavedCloudInitScripts();
-        $this->server_name = generate_random_name();
-        $this->private_keys = PrivateKey::ownedAndOnlySShKeys()->where('id', '!=', 0)->get();
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('viewAny', CloudProviderToken::class);
+            $this->loadTokens();
+            $this->loadSavedCloudInitScripts();
+            $this->server_name = generate_random_name();
+            $this->private_keys = PrivateKey::ownedAndOnlySShKeys()->where('id', '!=', 0)->get();
 
-        if ($this->private_keys->count() > 0) {
-            $this->private_key_id = $this->private_keys->first()->id;
+            if ($this->private_keys->count() > 0) {
+                $this->private_key_id = $this->private_keys->first()->id;
+            }
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Server/Proxy.php b/app/Livewire/Server/Proxy.php
index 1a14baf89..6c163a112 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Server/Proxy.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Server/Proxy.php
@@ -96,11 +96,15 @@ class Proxy extends Component
 
     public function changeProxy()
     {
-        $this->authorize('update', $this->server);
-        $this->server->proxy = null;
-        $this->server->save();
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('update', $this->server);
+            $this->server->proxy = null;
+            $this->server->save();
 
-        $this->dispatch('reloadWindow');
+            $this->dispatch('reloadWindow');
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function selectProxy($proxy_type)
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Server/Proxy/DynamicConfigurationNavbar.php b/app/Livewire/Server/Proxy/DynamicConfigurationNavbar.php
index c67591cf5..f7db1257c 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Server/Proxy/DynamicConfigurationNavbar.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Server/Proxy/DynamicConfigurationNavbar.php
@@ -22,34 +22,38 @@ class DynamicConfigurationNavbar extends Component
 
     public function delete(string $fileName)
     {
-        $this->authorize('update', $this->server);
-        $proxy_path = $this->server->proxyPath();
-        $proxy_type = $this->server->proxyType();
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('update', $this->server);
+            $proxy_path = $this->server->proxyPath();
+            $proxy_type = $this->server->proxyType();
 
-        // Decode filename: pipes are used to encode dots for Livewire property binding
-        // (e.g., 'my|service.yaml' -> 'my.service.yaml')
-        // This must happen BEFORE validation because validateShellSafePath() correctly
-        // rejects pipe characters as dangerous shell metacharacters
-        $file = str_replace('|', '.', $fileName);
+            // Decode filename: pipes are used to encode dots for Livewire property binding
+            // (e.g., 'my|service.yaml' -> 'my.service.yaml')
+            // This must happen BEFORE validation because validateShellSafePath() correctly
+            // rejects pipe characters as dangerous shell metacharacters
+            $file = str_replace('|', '.', $fileName);
 
-        // Validate filename to prevent command injection
-        validateShellSafePath($file, 'proxy configuration filename');
+            // Validate filename to prevent command injection
+            validateShellSafePath($file, 'proxy configuration filename');
 
-        if ($proxy_type === 'CADDY' && $file === 'Caddyfile') {
-            $this->dispatch('error', 'Cannot delete Caddyfile.');
+            if ($proxy_type === 'CADDY' && $file === 'Caddyfile') {
+                $this->dispatch('error', 'Cannot delete Caddyfile.');
 
-            return;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            $fullPath = "{$proxy_path}/dynamic/{$file}";
+            $escapedPath = escapeshellarg($fullPath);
+            instant_remote_process(["rm -f {$escapedPath}"], $this->server);
+            if ($proxy_type === 'CADDY') {
+                $this->server->reloadCaddy();
+            }
+            $this->dispatch('success', 'File deleted.');
+            $this->dispatch('loadDynamicConfigurations');
+            $this->dispatch('refresh');
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
-
-        $fullPath = "{$proxy_path}/dynamic/{$file}";
-        $escapedPath = escapeshellarg($fullPath);
-        instant_remote_process(["rm -f {$escapedPath}"], $this->server);
-        if ($proxy_type === 'CADDY') {
-            $this->server->reloadCaddy();
-        }
-        $this->dispatch('success', 'File deleted.');
-        $this->dispatch('loadDynamicConfigurations');
-        $this->dispatch('refresh');
     }
 
     public function render()
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Server/Resources.php b/app/Livewire/Server/Resources.php
index a21b0372b..31e57b301 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Server/Resources.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Server/Resources.php
@@ -29,23 +29,38 @@ class Resources extends Component
 
     public function startUnmanaged($id)
     {
-        $this->server->startUnmanaged($id);
-        $this->dispatch('success', 'Container started.');
-        $this->loadUnmanagedContainers();
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('update', $this->server);
+            $this->server->startUnmanaged($id);
+            $this->dispatch('success', 'Container started.');
+            $this->loadUnmanagedContainers();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function restartUnmanaged($id)
     {
-        $this->server->restartUnmanaged($id);
-        $this->dispatch('success', 'Container restarted.');
-        $this->loadUnmanagedContainers();
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('update', $this->server);
+            $this->server->restartUnmanaged($id);
+            $this->dispatch('success', 'Container restarted.');
+            $this->loadUnmanagedContainers();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function stopUnmanaged($id)
     {
-        $this->server->stopUnmanaged($id);
-        $this->dispatch('success', 'Container stopped.');
-        $this->loadUnmanagedContainers();
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('update', $this->server);
+            $this->server->stopUnmanaged($id);
+            $this->dispatch('success', 'Container stopped.');
+            $this->loadUnmanagedContainers();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function refreshStatus()
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Server/Security/Patches.php b/app/Livewire/Server/Security/Patches.php
index b4d151424..087836da3 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Server/Security/Patches.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Server/Security/Patches.php
@@ -41,7 +41,11 @@ class Patches extends Component
     {
         $this->parameters = get_route_parameters();
         $this->server = Server::ownedByCurrentTeam()->whereUuid($this->parameters['server_uuid'])->firstOrFail();
-        $this->authorize('viewSecurity', $this->server);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('viewSecurity', $this->server);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function checkForUpdatesDispatch()
@@ -69,14 +73,14 @@ class Patches extends Component
 
     public function updateAllPackages()
     {
-        $this->authorize('update', $this->server);
-        if (! $this->packageManager || ! $this->osId) {
-            $this->dispatch('error', message: 'Run "Check for updates" first.');
-
-            return;
-        }
-
         try {
+            $this->authorize('update', $this->server);
+            if (! $this->packageManager || ! $this->osId) {
+                $this->dispatch('error', message: 'Run "Check for updates" first.');
+
+                return;
+            }
+
             $activity = UpdatePackage::run(
                 server: $this->server,
                 packageManager: $this->packageManager,
@@ -84,8 +88,8 @@ class Patches extends Component
                 all: true
             );
             $this->dispatch('activityMonitor', $activity->id, ServerPackageUpdated::class);
-        } catch (\Exception $e) {
-            $this->dispatch('error', message: $e->getMessage());
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Server/Show.php b/app/Livewire/Server/Show.php
index 83c63a81c..38053386e 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Server/Show.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Server/Show.php
@@ -286,18 +286,22 @@ class Show extends Component
 
     public function checkLocalhostConnection()
     {
-        $this->syncData(true);
-        ['uptime' => $uptime, 'error' => $error] = $this->server->validateConnection();
-        if ($uptime) {
-            $this->dispatch('success', 'Server is reachable.');
-            $this->server->settings->is_reachable = $this->isReachable = true;
-            $this->server->settings->is_usable = $this->isUsable = true;
-            $this->server->settings->save();
-            ServerReachabilityChanged::dispatch($this->server);
-        } else {
-            $this->dispatch('error', 'Server is not reachable.', 'Please validate your configuration and connection.<br><br>Check this <a target="_blank" class="underline" href="https://coolify.io/docs/knowledge-base/server/openssh">documentation</a> for further help. <br><br>Error: '.$error);
+        try {
+            $this->syncData(true);
+            ['uptime' => $uptime, 'error' => $error] = $this->server->validateConnection();
+            if ($uptime) {
+                $this->dispatch('success', 'Server is reachable.');
+                $this->server->settings->is_reachable = $this->isReachable = true;
+                $this->server->settings->is_usable = $this->isUsable = true;
+                $this->server->settings->save();
+                ServerReachabilityChanged::dispatch($this->server);
+            } else {
+                $this->dispatch('error', 'Server is not reachable.', 'Please validate your configuration and connection.<br><br>Check this <a target="_blank" class="underline" href="https://coolify.io/docs/knowledge-base/server/openssh">documentation</a> for further help. <br><br>Error: '.$error);
 
-            return;
+                return;
+            }
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Server/ValidateAndInstall.php b/app/Livewire/Server/ValidateAndInstall.php
index 1a5bd381b..9b0f02573 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Server/ValidateAndInstall.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Server/ValidateAndInstall.php
@@ -72,31 +72,39 @@ class ValidateAndInstall extends Component
 
     public function retry()
     {
-        $this->authorize('update', $this->server);
-        $this->uptime = null;
-        $this->supported_os_type = null;
-        $this->prerequisites_installed = null;
-        $this->docker_installed = null;
-        $this->docker_compose_installed = null;
-        $this->docker_version = null;
-        $this->error = null;
-        $this->number_of_tries = 0;
-        $this->init();
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('update', $this->server);
+            $this->uptime = null;
+            $this->supported_os_type = null;
+            $this->prerequisites_installed = null;
+            $this->docker_installed = null;
+            $this->docker_compose_installed = null;
+            $this->docker_version = null;
+            $this->error = null;
+            $this->number_of_tries = 0;
+            $this->init();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function validateConnection()
     {
-        $this->authorize('update', $this->server);
-        ['uptime' => $this->uptime, 'error' => $error] = $this->server->validateConnection();
-        if (! $this->uptime) {
-            $this->error = 'Server is not reachable. Please validate your configuration and connection.<br>Check this <a target="_blank" class="text-black underline dark:text-white" href="https://coolify.io/docs/knowledge-base/server/openssh">documentation</a> for further help. <br><br><div class="text-error">Error: '.$error.'</div>';
-            $this->server->update([
-                'validation_logs' => $this->error,
-            ]);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('update', $this->server);
+            ['uptime' => $this->uptime, 'error' => $error] = $this->server->validateConnection();
+            if (! $this->uptime) {
+                $this->error = 'Server is not reachable. Please validate your configuration and connection.<br>Check this <a target="_blank" class="text-black underline dark:text-white" href="https://coolify.io/docs/knowledge-base/server/openssh">documentation</a> for further help. <br><br><div class="text-error">Error: '.$error.'</div>';
+                $this->server->update([
+                    'validation_logs' => $this->error,
+                ]);
 
-            return;
+                return;
+            }
+            $this->dispatch('validateOS');
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
         }
-        $this->dispatch('validateOS');
     }
 
     public function validateOS()
diff --git a/app/Livewire/SharedVariables/Project/Show.php b/app/Livewire/SharedVariables/Project/Show.php
index b205ea1ec..008f4af5a 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/SharedVariables/Project/Show.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/SharedVariables/Project/Show.php
@@ -57,9 +57,13 @@ class Show extends Component
 
     public function switch()
     {
-        $this->authorize('view', $this->project);
-        $this->view = $this->view === 'normal' ? 'dev' : 'normal';
-        $this->getDevView();
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('view', $this->project);
+            $this->view = $this->view === 'normal' ? 'dev' : 'normal';
+            $this->getDevView();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function getDevView()
diff --git a/app/Livewire/SharedVariables/Team/Index.php b/app/Livewire/SharedVariables/Team/Index.php
index e420686f0..93e12f376 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/SharedVariables/Team/Index.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/SharedVariables/Team/Index.php
@@ -51,9 +51,13 @@ class Index extends Component
 
     public function switch()
     {
-        $this->authorize('view', $this->team);
-        $this->view = $this->view === 'normal' ? 'dev' : 'normal';
-        $this->getDevView();
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('view', $this->team);
+            $this->view = $this->view === 'normal' ? 'dev' : 'normal';
+            $this->getDevView();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 
     public function getDevView()
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Storage/Show.php b/app/Livewire/Storage/Show.php
index fdf3d0d28..fd8c12292 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Storage/Show.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Storage/Show.php
@@ -18,7 +18,11 @@ class Show extends Component
         if (! $this->storage) {
             abort(404);
         }
-        $this->authorize('view', $this->storage);
+        try {
+            $this->authorize('view', $this->storage);
+        } catch (\Illuminate\Auth\Access\AuthorizationException) {
+            return $this->redirectRoute('storage.index', navigate: true);
+        }
     }
 
     public function render()
diff --git a/app/Livewire/Team/Index.php b/app/Livewire/Team/Index.php
index 8a943e6b6..e5ceb2cc9 100644
--- a/app/Livewire/Team/Index.php
+++ b/app/Livewire/Team/Index.php
@@ -95,23 +95,27 @@ class Index extends Component
 
     public function delete()
     {
-        $currentTeam = currentTeam();
-        $this->authorize('delete', $currentTeam);
-        $currentTeam->delete();
+        try {
+            $currentTeam = currentTeam();
+            $this->authorize('delete', $currentTeam);
+            $currentTeam->delete();
 
-        $currentTeam->members->each(function ($user) use ($currentTeam) {
-            if ($user->id === Auth::id()) {
-                return;
-            }
-            $user->teams()->detach($currentTeam);
-            $session = DB::table('sessions')->where('user_id', $user->id)->first();
-            if ($session) {
-                DB::table('sessions')->where('id', $session->id)->delete();
-            }
-        });
+            $currentTeam->members->each(function ($user) use ($currentTeam) {
+                if ($user->id === Auth::id()) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                $user->teams()->detach($currentTeam);
+                $session = DB::table('sessions')->where('user_id', $user->id)->first();
+                if ($session) {
+                    DB::table('sessions')->where('id', $session->id)->delete();
+                }
+            });
 
-        refreshSession();
+            refreshSession();
 
-        return redirect()->route('team.index');
+            return redirect()->route('team.index');
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            return handleError($e, $this);
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Models/Team.php b/app/Models/Team.php
index e32526169..92fed1128 100644
--- a/app/Models/Team.php
+++ b/app/Models/Team.php
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class Team extends Model implements SendsDiscord, SendsEmail, SendsPushover, Sen
             $team->webhookNotificationSettings()->create();
         });
 
-        static::saving(function ($team) {
+        static::updating(function ($team) {
             if (auth()->user()?->isMember()) {
                 throw new \Exception('You are not allowed to update this team.');
             }
diff --git a/app/Policies/ApiTokenPolicy.php b/app/Policies/ApiTokenPolicy.php
index 761227118..5eb1a05eb 100644
--- a/app/Policies/ApiTokenPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/ApiTokenPolicy.php
@@ -12,11 +12,6 @@ class ApiTokenPolicy
      */
     public function viewAny(User $user): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        // Users can view their own API tokens
-        return true;
-        */
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -25,12 +20,7 @@ class ApiTokenPolicy
      */
     public function view(User $user, PersonalAccessToken $token): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        // Users can only view their own tokens
         return $user->id === $token->tokenable_id && $token->tokenable_type === User::class;
-        */
-        return true;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -38,11 +28,6 @@ class ApiTokenPolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        // All authenticated users can create their own API tokens
-        return true;
-        */
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -51,12 +36,7 @@ class ApiTokenPolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, PersonalAccessToken $token): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        // Users can only update their own tokens
         return $user->id === $token->tokenable_id && $token->tokenable_type === User::class;
-        */
-        return true;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -64,12 +44,7 @@ class ApiTokenPolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, PersonalAccessToken $token): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        // Users can only delete their own tokens
         return $user->id === $token->tokenable_id && $token->tokenable_type === User::class;
-        */
-        return true;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -77,11 +52,6 @@ class ApiTokenPolicy
      */
     public function manage(User $user): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        // All authenticated users can manage their own API tokens
-        return true;
-        */
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -90,7 +60,6 @@ class ApiTokenPolicy
      */
     public function useRootPermissions(User $user): bool
     {
-        // Only admins and owners can use root permissions
         return $user->isAdmin() || $user->isOwner();
     }
 
@@ -99,11 +68,14 @@ class ApiTokenPolicy
      */
     public function useWritePermissions(User $user): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        // Only admins and owners can use write permissions
         return $user->isAdmin() || $user->isOwner();
-        */
-        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determine whether the user can use deploy permissions for API tokens.
+     */
+    public function useDeployPermissions(User $user): bool
+    {
+        return $user->isAdmin() || $user->isOwner();
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/ApplicationPolicy.php b/app/Policies/ApplicationPolicy.php
index d64a436ad..7a992f2fd 100644
--- a/app/Policies/ApplicationPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/ApplicationPolicy.php
@@ -13,10 +13,6 @@ class ApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function viewAny(User $user): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        return true;
-        */
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -25,11 +21,9 @@ class ApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function view(User $user, Application $application): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        return true;
-        */
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($application);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->teams->contains('id', $teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -37,15 +31,7 @@ class ApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        if ($user->isAdmin()) {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        return false;
-        */
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -53,15 +39,17 @@ class ApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, Application $application): Response
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        if ($user->isAdmin()) {
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($application);
+
+        if ($teamId === null) {
+            return Response::deny('Application team not found.');
+        }
+
+        if ($user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId)) {
             return Response::allow();
         }
 
-        return Response::deny('As a member, you cannot update this application.<br/><br/>You need at least admin or owner permissions.');
-        */
-        return Response::allow();
+        return Response::deny('You need at least admin or owner permissions to update this application.');
     }
 
     /**
@@ -69,15 +57,9 @@ class ApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, Application $application): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        if ($user->isAdmin()) {
-            return true;
-        }
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($application);
 
-        return false;
-        */
-        return true;
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -85,11 +67,7 @@ class ApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function restore(User $user, Application $application): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        return true;
-        */
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -97,11 +75,7 @@ class ApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function forceDelete(User $user, Application $application): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $application->team()->first()->id);
-        */
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -109,11 +83,9 @@ class ApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function deploy(User $user, Application $application): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        return $user->teams->contains('id', $application->team()->first()->id);
-        */
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($application);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -121,11 +93,9 @@ class ApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function manageDeployments(User $user, Application $application): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $application->team()->first()->id);
-        */
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($application);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -133,11 +103,9 @@ class ApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function manageEnvironment(User $user, Application $application): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
-        return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $application->team()->first()->id);
-        */
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($application);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -145,10 +113,11 @@ class ApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function cleanupDeploymentQueue(User $user): bool
     {
-        // Authorization temporarily disabled
-        /*
         return $user->isAdmin();
-        */
-        return true;
+    }
+
+    private function getTeamId(Application $application): ?int
+    {
+        return $application->team()?->id;
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/ApplicationPreviewPolicy.php b/app/Policies/ApplicationPreviewPolicy.php
index 4d371cc38..f3c13acd9 100644
--- a/app/Policies/ApplicationPreviewPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/ApplicationPreviewPolicy.php
@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ class ApplicationPreviewPolicy
      */
     public function view(User $user, ApplicationPreview $applicationPreview): bool
     {
-        // return $user->teams->contains('id', $applicationPreview->application->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($applicationPreview);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->teams->contains('id', $teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -30,21 +31,25 @@ class ApplicationPreviewPolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
      * Determine whether the user can update the model.
      */
-    public function update(User $user, ApplicationPreview $applicationPreview)
+    public function update(User $user, ApplicationPreview $applicationPreview): Response
     {
-        // if ($user->isAdmin()) {
-        //    return Response::allow();
-        // }
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($applicationPreview);
 
-        // return Response::deny('As a member, you cannot update this preview.<br/><br/>You need at least admin or owner permissions.');
-        return true;
+        if ($teamId === null) {
+            return Response::deny('Application preview team not found.');
+        }
+
+        if ($user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId)) {
+            return Response::allow();
+        }
+
+        return Response::deny('You need at least admin or owner permissions to update this preview.');
     }
 
     /**
@@ -52,8 +57,9 @@ class ApplicationPreviewPolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, ApplicationPreview $applicationPreview): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $applicationPreview->application->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($applicationPreview);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -61,8 +67,7 @@ class ApplicationPreviewPolicy
      */
     public function restore(User $user, ApplicationPreview $applicationPreview): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $applicationPreview->application->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -70,8 +75,7 @@ class ApplicationPreviewPolicy
      */
     public function forceDelete(User $user, ApplicationPreview $applicationPreview): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $applicationPreview->application->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -79,8 +83,9 @@ class ApplicationPreviewPolicy
      */
     public function deploy(User $user, ApplicationPreview $applicationPreview): bool
     {
-        // return $user->teams->contains('id', $applicationPreview->application->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($applicationPreview);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -88,7 +93,13 @@ class ApplicationPreviewPolicy
      */
     public function manageDeployments(User $user, ApplicationPreview $applicationPreview): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $applicationPreview->application->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($applicationPreview);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
+    }
+
+    private function getTeamId(ApplicationPreview $applicationPreview): ?int
+    {
+        return $applicationPreview->application?->team()?->id;
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/ApplicationSettingPolicy.php b/app/Policies/ApplicationSettingPolicy.php
index 848dc9aee..be2137cb8 100644
--- a/app/Policies/ApplicationSettingPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/ApplicationSettingPolicy.php
@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@ class ApplicationSettingPolicy
      */
     public function view(User $user, ApplicationSetting $applicationSetting): bool
     {
-        // return $user->teams->contains('id', $applicationSetting->application->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($applicationSetting);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->teams->contains('id', $teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -29,8 +30,7 @@ class ApplicationSettingPolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -38,8 +38,9 @@ class ApplicationSettingPolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, ApplicationSetting $applicationSetting): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $applicationSetting->application->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($applicationSetting);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -47,8 +48,9 @@ class ApplicationSettingPolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, ApplicationSetting $applicationSetting): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $applicationSetting->application->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($applicationSetting);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -56,8 +58,7 @@ class ApplicationSettingPolicy
      */
     public function restore(User $user, ApplicationSetting $applicationSetting): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $applicationSetting->application->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -65,7 +66,11 @@ class ApplicationSettingPolicy
      */
     public function forceDelete(User $user, ApplicationSetting $applicationSetting): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $applicationSetting->application->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private function getTeamId(ApplicationSetting $applicationSetting): ?int
+    {
+        return $applicationSetting->application?->team()?->id;
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/DatabasePolicy.php b/app/Policies/DatabasePolicy.php
index f8e8af637..6a5348224 100644
--- a/app/Policies/DatabasePolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/DatabasePolicy.php
@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@ class DatabasePolicy
      */
     public function view(User $user, $database): bool
     {
-        // return $user->teams->contains('id', $database->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($database);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->teams->contains('id', $teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -29,21 +30,25 @@ class DatabasePolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
      * Determine whether the user can update the model.
      */
-    public function update(User $user, $database)
+    public function update(User $user, $database): Response
     {
-        // if ($user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $database->team()->first()->id)) {
-        //    return Response::allow();
-        // }
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($database);
 
-        // return Response::deny('As a member, you cannot update this database.<br/><br/>You need at least admin or owner permissions.');
-        return true;
+        if ($teamId === null) {
+            return Response::deny('Database team not found.');
+        }
+
+        if ($user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId)) {
+            return Response::allow();
+        }
+
+        return Response::deny('You need at least admin or owner permissions to update this database.');
     }
 
     /**
@@ -51,8 +56,9 @@ class DatabasePolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, $database): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $database->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($database);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -60,8 +66,7 @@ class DatabasePolicy
      */
     public function restore(User $user, $database): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $database->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -69,8 +74,7 @@ class DatabasePolicy
      */
     public function forceDelete(User $user, $database): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $database->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -78,8 +82,9 @@ class DatabasePolicy
      */
     public function manage(User $user, $database): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $database->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($database);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -87,8 +92,9 @@ class DatabasePolicy
      */
     public function manageBackups(User $user, $database): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $database->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($database);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -96,7 +102,17 @@ class DatabasePolicy
      */
     public function manageEnvironment(User $user, $database): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $database->team()->first()->id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($database);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
+    }
+
+    private function getTeamId($database): ?int
+    {
+        if (method_exists($database, 'team')) {
+            return $database->team()?->id;
+        }
+
+        return null;
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/EnvironmentPolicy.php b/app/Policies/EnvironmentPolicy.php
index 7199abb25..e400ec903 100644
--- a/app/Policies/EnvironmentPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/EnvironmentPolicy.php
@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@ class EnvironmentPolicy
      */
     public function view(User $user, Environment $environment): bool
     {
-        // return $user->teams->contains('id', $environment->project->team_id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($environment);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->teams->contains('id', $teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -29,8 +30,7 @@ class EnvironmentPolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -38,8 +38,9 @@ class EnvironmentPolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, Environment $environment): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $environment->project->team_id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($environment);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -47,8 +48,9 @@ class EnvironmentPolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, Environment $environment): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $environment->project->team_id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($environment);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -56,8 +58,7 @@ class EnvironmentPolicy
      */
     public function restore(User $user, Environment $environment): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $environment->project->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -65,7 +66,11 @@ class EnvironmentPolicy
      */
     public function forceDelete(User $user, Environment $environment): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $environment->project->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private function getTeamId(Environment $environment): ?int
+    {
+        return $environment->project?->team_id;
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/EnvironmentVariablePolicy.php b/app/Policies/EnvironmentVariablePolicy.php
index 21e2ea443..dd0f58918 100644
--- a/app/Policies/EnvironmentVariablePolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/EnvironmentVariablePolicy.php
@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@ class EnvironmentVariablePolicy
      */
     public function view(User $user, EnvironmentVariable $environmentVariable): bool
     {
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($environmentVariable);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->teams->contains('id', $teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ class EnvironmentVariablePolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -36,7 +38,9 @@ class EnvironmentVariablePolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, EnvironmentVariable $environmentVariable): bool
     {
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($environmentVariable);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -44,7 +48,9 @@ class EnvironmentVariablePolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, EnvironmentVariable $environmentVariable): bool
     {
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($environmentVariable);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -52,7 +58,7 @@ class EnvironmentVariablePolicy
      */
     public function restore(User $user, EnvironmentVariable $environmentVariable): bool
     {
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -60,7 +66,7 @@ class EnvironmentVariablePolicy
      */
     public function forceDelete(User $user, EnvironmentVariable $environmentVariable): bool
     {
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -68,6 +74,19 @@ class EnvironmentVariablePolicy
      */
     public function manageEnvironment(User $user, EnvironmentVariable $environmentVariable): bool
     {
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($environmentVariable);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
+    }
+
+    private function getTeamId(EnvironmentVariable $environmentVariable): ?int
+    {
+        $resource = $environmentVariable->resourceable;
+
+        if (! $resource || ! method_exists($resource, 'team')) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return $resource->team()?->id;
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/GithubAppPolicy.php b/app/Policies/GithubAppPolicy.php
index 56bec7032..79dd79838 100644
--- a/app/Policies/GithubAppPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/GithubAppPolicy.php
@@ -20,8 +20,11 @@ class GithubAppPolicy
      */
     public function view(User $user, GithubApp $githubApp): bool
     {
-        // return $user->teams->contains('id', $githubApp->team_id) || $githubApp->is_system_wide;
-        return true;
+        if ($githubApp->is_system_wide) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return $user->teams->contains('id', $githubApp->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -29,8 +32,7 @@ class GithubAppPolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -39,12 +41,10 @@ class GithubAppPolicy
     public function update(User $user, GithubApp $githubApp): bool
     {
         if ($githubApp->is_system_wide) {
-            // return $user->isAdmin();
-            return true;
+            return $user->canAccessSystemResources();
         }
 
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $githubApp->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($githubApp->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -53,12 +53,10 @@ class GithubAppPolicy
     public function delete(User $user, GithubApp $githubApp): bool
     {
         if ($githubApp->is_system_wide) {
-            // return $user->isAdmin();
-            return true;
+            return $user->canAccessSystemResources();
         }
 
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $githubApp->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($githubApp->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/app/Policies/NotificationPolicy.php b/app/Policies/NotificationPolicy.php
index 4f3be431d..e8764bf13 100644
--- a/app/Policies/NotificationPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/NotificationPolicy.php
@@ -12,13 +12,11 @@ class NotificationPolicy
      */
     public function view(User $user, Model $notificationSettings): bool
     {
-        // Check if the notification settings belong to the user's current team
         if (! $notificationSettings->team) {
             return false;
         }
 
-        // return $user->teams()->where('teams.id', $notificationSettings->team->id)->exists();
-        return true;
+        return $user->teams->contains('id', $notificationSettings->team->id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -26,14 +24,13 @@ class NotificationPolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, Model $notificationSettings): bool
     {
-        // Check if the notification settings belong to the user's current team
         if (! $notificationSettings->team) {
             return false;
         }
 
-        // Only owners and admins can update notification settings
-        //  return $user->isAdmin() || $user->isOwner();
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $notificationSettings->team->id;
+
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -41,8 +38,7 @@ class NotificationPolicy
      */
     public function manage(User $user, Model $notificationSettings): bool
     {
-        // return $this->update($user, $notificationSettings);
-        return true;
+        return $this->update($user, $notificationSettings);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -50,7 +46,6 @@ class NotificationPolicy
      */
     public function sendTest(User $user, Model $notificationSettings): bool
     {
-        // return $this->update($user, $notificationSettings);
-        return true;
+        return $this->update($user, $notificationSettings);
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/ProjectPolicy.php b/app/Policies/ProjectPolicy.php
index e188c293f..9d65b9130 100644
--- a/app/Policies/ProjectPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/ProjectPolicy.php
@@ -20,8 +20,7 @@ class ProjectPolicy
      */
     public function view(User $user, Project $project): bool
     {
-        // return $user->teams->contains('id', $project->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->teams->contains('id', $project->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -29,8 +28,7 @@ class ProjectPolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -38,8 +36,7 @@ class ProjectPolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, Project $project): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $project->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($project->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -47,8 +44,7 @@ class ProjectPolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, Project $project): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $project->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($project->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -56,8 +52,7 @@ class ProjectPolicy
      */
     public function restore(User $user, Project $project): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $project->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -65,7 +60,6 @@ class ProjectPolicy
      */
     public function forceDelete(User $user, Project $project): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $project->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/ResourceCreatePolicy.php b/app/Policies/ResourceCreatePolicy.php
index 9ed2b66ab..a7a855402 100644
--- a/app/Policies/ResourceCreatePolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/ResourceCreatePolicy.php
@@ -38,8 +38,7 @@ class ResourceCreatePolicy
      */
     public function createAny(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -51,8 +50,7 @@ class ResourceCreatePolicy
             return false;
         }
 
-        //  return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/app/Policies/ServerPolicy.php b/app/Policies/ServerPolicy.php
index 6d2396a7d..32436987c 100644
--- a/app/Policies/ServerPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/ServerPolicy.php
@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ class ServerPolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -37,8 +36,7 @@ class ServerPolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, Server $server): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $server->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($server->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -46,8 +44,7 @@ class ServerPolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, Server $server): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $server->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($server->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -71,8 +68,7 @@ class ServerPolicy
      */
     public function manageProxy(User $user, Server $server): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $server->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($server->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -80,8 +76,7 @@ class ServerPolicy
      */
     public function manageSentinel(User $user, Server $server): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $server->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($server->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -89,8 +84,7 @@ class ServerPolicy
      */
     public function manageCaCertificate(User $user, Server $server): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $server->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($server->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -98,7 +92,6 @@ class ServerPolicy
      */
     public function viewSecurity(User $user, Server $server): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $server->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($server->team_id);
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/ServiceApplicationPolicy.php b/app/Policies/ServiceApplicationPolicy.php
index af380a90f..c730ab0c6 100644
--- a/app/Policies/ServiceApplicationPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/ServiceApplicationPolicy.php
@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@ class ServiceApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -30,8 +29,7 @@ class ServiceApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, ServiceApplication $serviceApplication): bool
     {
-        // return Gate::allows('update', $serviceApplication->service);
-        return true;
+        return Gate::allows('update', $serviceApplication->service);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -39,8 +37,7 @@ class ServiceApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, ServiceApplication $serviceApplication): bool
     {
-        // return Gate::allows('delete', $serviceApplication->service);
-        return true;
+        return Gate::allows('delete', $serviceApplication->service);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -48,8 +45,7 @@ class ServiceApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function restore(User $user, ServiceApplication $serviceApplication): bool
     {
-        // return Gate::allows('update', $serviceApplication->service);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -57,7 +53,6 @@ class ServiceApplicationPolicy
      */
     public function forceDelete(User $user, ServiceApplication $serviceApplication): bool
     {
-        // return Gate::allows('delete', $serviceApplication->service);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/ServiceDatabasePolicy.php b/app/Policies/ServiceDatabasePolicy.php
index f72f1f327..e5cbe91a0 100644
--- a/app/Policies/ServiceDatabasePolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/ServiceDatabasePolicy.php
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class ServiceDatabasePolicy
      */
     public function view(User $user, ServiceDatabase $serviceDatabase): bool
     {
-        return true;
+        return Gate::allows('view', $serviceDatabase->service);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@ class ServiceDatabasePolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -30,9 +29,7 @@ class ServiceDatabasePolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, ServiceDatabase $serviceDatabase): bool
     {
-
-        // return Gate::allows('update', $serviceDatabase->service);
-        return true;
+        return Gate::allows('update', $serviceDatabase->service);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -40,8 +37,7 @@ class ServiceDatabasePolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, ServiceDatabase $serviceDatabase): bool
     {
-        // return Gate::allows('delete', $serviceDatabase->service);
-        return true;
+        return Gate::allows('delete', $serviceDatabase->service);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -49,8 +45,7 @@ class ServiceDatabasePolicy
      */
     public function restore(User $user, ServiceDatabase $serviceDatabase): bool
     {
-        // return Gate::allows('update', $serviceDatabase->service);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -58,12 +53,14 @@ class ServiceDatabasePolicy
      */
     public function forceDelete(User $user, ServiceDatabase $serviceDatabase): bool
     {
-        // return Gate::allows('delete', $serviceDatabase->service);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Determine whether the user can manage database backups.
+     */
     public function manageBackups(User $user, ServiceDatabase $serviceDatabase): bool
     {
-        return true;
+        return Gate::allows('update', $serviceDatabase->service);
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/ServicePolicy.php b/app/Policies/ServicePolicy.php
index 7ab0fe7d0..d48728cdf 100644
--- a/app/Policies/ServicePolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/ServicePolicy.php
@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@ class ServicePolicy
      */
     public function view(User $user, Service $service): bool
     {
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($service);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->teams->contains('id', $teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -28,8 +30,7 @@ class ServicePolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -37,13 +38,9 @@ class ServicePolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, Service $service): bool
     {
-        $team = $service->team();
-        if (! $team) {
-            return false;
-        }
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($service);
 
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $team->id);
-        return true;
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -51,12 +48,9 @@ class ServicePolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, Service $service): bool
     {
-        // if ($user->isAdmin()) {
-        //    return true;
-        // }
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($service);
 
-        // return false;
-        return true;
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -64,8 +58,7 @@ class ServicePolicy
      */
     public function restore(User $user, Service $service): bool
     {
-        // return true;
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -73,23 +66,17 @@ class ServicePolicy
      */
     public function forceDelete(User $user, Service $service): bool
     {
-        // if ($user->isAdmin()) {
-        //    return true;
-        // }
-
-        // return false;
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Determine whether the user can stop the service.
+     */
     public function stop(User $user, Service $service): bool
     {
-        $team = $service->team();
-        if (! $team) {
-            return false;
-        }
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($service);
 
-        // return $user->teams->contains('id', $team->id);
-        return true;
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -97,13 +84,9 @@ class ServicePolicy
      */
     public function manageEnvironment(User $user, Service $service): bool
     {
-        $team = $service->team();
-        if (! $team) {
-            return false;
-        }
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($service);
 
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $team->id);
-        return true;
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -111,18 +94,23 @@ class ServicePolicy
      */
     public function deploy(User $user, Service $service): bool
     {
-        $team = $service->team();
-        if (! $team) {
-            return false;
-        }
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($service);
 
-        // return $user->teams->contains('id', $team->id);
-        return true;
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Determine whether the user can access the terminal.
+     */
     public function accessTerminal(User $user, Service $service): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() || $user->teams->contains('id', $service->team()->id);
-        return true;
+        $teamId = $this->getTeamId($service);
+
+        return $teamId !== null && $user->isAdminOfTeam($teamId);
+    }
+
+    private function getTeamId(Service $service): ?int
+    {
+        return $service->team()?->id;
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy.php b/app/Policies/SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy.php
index b465d8a0c..21b6acb27 100644
--- a/app/Policies/SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy.php
@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ class SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -37,8 +36,7 @@ class SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, SharedEnvironmentVariable $sharedEnvironmentVariable): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $sharedEnvironmentVariable->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($sharedEnvironmentVariable->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -46,8 +44,7 @@ class SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, SharedEnvironmentVariable $sharedEnvironmentVariable): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $sharedEnvironmentVariable->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($sharedEnvironmentVariable->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -55,8 +52,7 @@ class SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy
      */
     public function restore(User $user, SharedEnvironmentVariable $sharedEnvironmentVariable): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $sharedEnvironmentVariable->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -64,8 +60,7 @@ class SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy
      */
     public function forceDelete(User $user, SharedEnvironmentVariable $sharedEnvironmentVariable): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $sharedEnvironmentVariable->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -73,7 +68,6 @@ class SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy
      */
     public function manageEnvironment(User $user, SharedEnvironmentVariable $sharedEnvironmentVariable): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin() && $user->teams->contains('id', $sharedEnvironmentVariable->team_id);
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($sharedEnvironmentVariable->team_id);
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Policies/StandaloneDockerPolicy.php b/app/Policies/StandaloneDockerPolicy.php
index 3e1f83d12..33eda183a 100644
--- a/app/Policies/StandaloneDockerPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/StandaloneDockerPolicy.php
@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ class StandaloneDockerPolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ class StandaloneDockerPolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, StandaloneDocker $standaloneDocker): bool
     {
-        return $user->teams->contains('id', $standaloneDocker->server->team_id);
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($standaloneDocker->server->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ class StandaloneDockerPolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, StandaloneDocker $standaloneDocker): bool
     {
-        return $user->teams->contains('id', $standaloneDocker->server->team_id);
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($standaloneDocker->server->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/app/Policies/SwarmDockerPolicy.php b/app/Policies/SwarmDockerPolicy.php
index 82a75910b..b19ab4907 100644
--- a/app/Policies/SwarmDockerPolicy.php
+++ b/app/Policies/SwarmDockerPolicy.php
@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ class SwarmDockerPolicy
      */
     public function create(User $user): bool
     {
-        // return $user->isAdmin();
-        return true;
+        return $user->isAdmin();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ class SwarmDockerPolicy
      */
     public function update(User $user, SwarmDocker $swarmDocker): bool
     {
-        return $user->teams->contains('id', $swarmDocker->server->team_id);
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($swarmDocker->server->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ class SwarmDockerPolicy
      */
     public function delete(User $user, SwarmDocker $swarmDocker): bool
     {
-        return $user->teams->contains('id', $swarmDocker->server->team_id);
+        return $user->isAdminOfTeam($swarmDocker->server->team_id);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/resources/views/components/applications/advanced.blade.php b/resources/views/components/applications/advanced.blade.php
index e36583741..5964abb4e 100644
--- a/resources/views/components/applications/advanced.blade.php
+++ b/resources/views/components/applications/advanced.blade.php
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
         Advanced
     </x-slot>
     @if ($application->status === 'running')
-        <div class="dropdown-iteme" wire:click='force_deploy_without_cache'>
+        <div class="dropdown-iteme" @if(!auth()->user()->can('deploy', $application)) data-disabled @endif wire:click='force_deploy_without_cache'>
             <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-6 h-6" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5"
                 stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round">
                 <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" />
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
             cache)
         </div>
     @else
-        <div class="dropdown-item" wire:click='deploy(true)'>
+        <div class="dropdown-item" @if(!auth()->user()->can('deploy', $application)) data-disabled @endif wire:click='deploy(true)'>
             <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-4 h-4" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5"
                 stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round">
                 <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" />
diff --git a/resources/views/components/notification/navbar.blade.php b/resources/views/components/notification/navbar.blade.php
index 0ee3b8ee4..256c4d528 100644
--- a/resources/views/components/notification/navbar.blade.php
+++ b/resources/views/components/notification/navbar.blade.php
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
     <h1>Notifications</h1>
     <div class="subtitle">Get notified about your infrastructure.</div>
     <div class="navbar-main">
-        <nav class="flex items-center gap-3.5 min-h-10">
+        <nav class="flex items-center gap-6 min-h-10">
             <a class="{{ request()->routeIs('notifications.email') ? 'dark:text-white' : '' }}" {{ wireNavigate() }}
                 href="{{ route('notifications.email') }}">
                 <button>Email</button>
diff --git a/resources/views/components/services/advanced.blade.php b/resources/views/components/services/advanced.blade.php
index 963de5c57..ed8c5d647 100644
--- a/resources/views/components/services/advanced.blade.php
+++ b/resources/views/components/services/advanced.blade.php
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
         Advanced
     </x-slot>
     @if (str($service->status)->contains('running'))
-        <div class="dropdown-item" @click="$wire.dispatch('pullAndRestartEvent')">
+        <div class="dropdown-item" @if(!auth()->user()->can('deploy', $service)) data-disabled @endif @click="$wire.dispatch('pullAndRestartEvent')">
             <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-6 h-6" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5"
                 stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round">
                 <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" />
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
             Pull Latest Images & Restart
         </div>
     @elseif (str($service->status)->contains('degraded'))
-        <div class="dropdown-item" @click="$wire.dispatch('forceDeployEvent')">
+        <div class="dropdown-item" @if(!auth()->user()->can('deploy', $service)) data-disabled @endif @click="$wire.dispatch('forceDeployEvent')">
             <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
                 stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" data-darkreader-inline-stroke=""
                 style="--darkreader-inline-stroke: currentColor;" class="w-6 h-6" stroke-width="2">
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
             Force Restart
         </div>
     @else
-        <div class="dropdown-item" @click="$wire.dispatch('forceDeployEvent')">
+        <div class="dropdown-item" @if(!auth()->user()->can('deploy', $service)) data-disabled @endif @click="$wire.dispatch('forceDeployEvent')">
             <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
                 stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" data-darkreader-inline-stroke=""
                 style="--darkreader-inline-stroke: currentColor;" class="w-4 h-4" stroke-width="2">
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
             </svg>
             Force Deploy
         </div>
-        <div class="dropdown-item" wire:click='stop(true)''>
+        <div class="dropdown-item" @if(!auth()->user()->can('stop', $service)) data-disabled @endif wire:click='stop(true)''>
             <svg class="w-4 h-4" viewBox="0 0 32 32" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
                 <path fill="currentColor" d="M26 20h-6v-2h6zm4 8h-6v-2h6zm-2-4h-6v-2h6z" />
                 <path fill="currentColor"
diff --git a/resources/views/livewire/project/application/heading.blade.php b/resources/views/livewire/project/application/heading.blade.php
index 4af466fc5..5db6d4c5c 100644
--- a/resources/views/livewire/project/application/heading.blade.php
+++ b/resources/views/livewire/project/application/heading.blade.php
@@ -36,88 +36,88 @@
                 <div>Please load a Compose file.</div>
             @else
                 @if (!$application->destination->server->isSwarm())
-                    <div>
-                        <x-applications.advanced :application="$application" />
-                    </div>
+                        <div>
+                            <x-applications.advanced :application="$application" />
+                        </div>
                 @endif
-                <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-2">
-                    @if (!str($application->status)->startsWith('exited'))
-                        @if (!$application->destination->server->isSwarm())
-                            <x-forms.button title="With rolling update if possible" wire:click='deploy'>
-                                <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-orange-400"
-                                    viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none"
-                                    stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round">
-                                    <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path>
-                                    <path
-                                        d="M10.09 4.01l.496 -.495a2 2 0 0 1 2.828 0l7.071 7.07a2 2 0 0 1 0 2.83l-7.07 7.07a2 2 0 0 1 -2.83 0l-7.07 -7.07a2 2 0 0 1 0 -2.83l3.535 -3.535h-3.988">
-                                    </path>
-                                    <path d="M7.05 11.038v-3.988"></path>
-                                </svg>
-                                Redeploy
-                            </x-forms.button>
-                        @endif
-                        @if ($application->build_pack !== 'dockercompose')
-                            @if ($application->destination->server->isSwarm())
-                                <x-forms.button title="Redeploy Swarm Service (rolling update)" wire:click='deploy'>
-                                    <svg class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
-                                        xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
-                                        <g fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round"
-                                            stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2">
-                                            <path
-                                                d="M19.933 13.041a8 8 0 1 1-9.925-8.788c3.899-1 7.935 1.007 9.425 4.747" />
-                                            <path d="M20 4v5h-5" />
-                                        </g>
+                    <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-2">
+                        @if (!str($application->status)->startsWith('exited'))
+                            @if (!$application->destination->server->isSwarm())
+                                <x-forms.button canGate="deploy" :canResource="$application" title="With rolling update if possible" wire:click='deploy'>
+                                    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-orange-400"
+                                        viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none"
+                                        stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round">
+                                        <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path>
+                                        <path
+                                            d="M10.09 4.01l.496 -.495a2 2 0 0 1 2.828 0l7.071 7.07a2 2 0 0 1 0 2.83l-7.07 7.07a2 2 0 0 1 -2.83 0l-7.07 -7.07a2 2 0 0 1 0 -2.83l3.535 -3.535h-3.988">
+                                        </path>
+                                        <path d="M7.05 11.038v-3.988"></path>
                                     </svg>
-                                    Update Service
-                                </x-forms.button>
-                            @else
-                                <x-forms.button title="Restart without rebuilding" wire:click='restart'>
-                                    <svg class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
-                                        xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
-                                        <g fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round"
-                                            stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2">
-                                            <path
-                                                d="M19.933 13.041a8 8 0 1 1-9.925-8.788c3.899-1 7.935 1.007 9.425 4.747" />
-                                            <path d="M20 4v5h-5" />
-                                        </g>
-                                    </svg>
-                                    Restart
+                                    Redeploy
                                 </x-forms.button>
                             @endif
-                        @endif
-                        <x-modal-confirmation title="Confirm Application Stopping?" buttonTitle="Stop"
-                            submitAction="stop" :checkboxes="$checkboxes" :actions="[
-                                'This application will be stopped.',
-                                'All non-persistent data of this application will be deleted.',
-                            ]" :confirmWithText="false" :confirmWithPassword="false"
-                            step1ButtonText="Continue" step2ButtonText="Confirm">
-                            <x-slot:button-title>
-                                <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 text-error" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
-                                    stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round"
-                                    stroke-linejoin="round">
-                                    <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path>
-                                    <path
-                                        d="M6 5m0 1a1 1 0 0 1 1 -1h2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v12a1 1 0 0 1 -1 1h-2a1 1 0 0 1 -1 -1z">
-                                    </path>
-                                    <path
-                                        d="M14 5m0 1a1 1 0 0 1 1 -1h2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v12a1 1 0 0 1 -1 1h-2a1 1 0 0 1 -1 -1z">
-                                    </path>
+                            @if ($application->build_pack !== 'dockercompose')
+                                @if ($application->destination->server->isSwarm())
+                                    <x-forms.button canGate="deploy" :canResource="$application" title="Redeploy Swarm Service (rolling update)" wire:click='deploy'>
+                                        <svg class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+                                            xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+                                            <g fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round"
+                                                stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2">
+                                                <path
+                                                    d="M19.933 13.041a8 8 0 1 1-9.925-8.788c3.899-1 7.935 1.007 9.425 4.747" />
+                                                <path d="M20 4v5h-5" />
+                                            </g>
+                                        </svg>
+                                        Update Service
+                                    </x-forms.button>
+                                @else
+                                    <x-forms.button canGate="deploy" :canResource="$application" title="Restart without rebuilding" wire:click='restart'>
+                                        <svg class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+                                            xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+                                            <g fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round"
+                                                stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2">
+                                                <path
+                                                    d="M19.933 13.041a8 8 0 1 1-9.925-8.788c3.899-1 7.935 1.007 9.425 4.747" />
+                                                <path d="M20 4v5h-5" />
+                                            </g>
+                                        </svg>
+                                        Restart
+                                    </x-forms.button>
+                                @endif
+                            @endif
+                            <x-modal-confirmation :disabled="!auth()->user()->can('deploy', $application)" title="Confirm Application Stopping?" buttonTitle="Stop"
+                                submitAction="stop" :checkboxes="$checkboxes" :actions="[
+                                    'This application will be stopped.',
+                                    'All non-persistent data of this application will be deleted.',
+                                ]" :confirmWithText="false" :confirmWithPassword="false"
+                                step1ButtonText="Continue" step2ButtonText="Confirm">
+                                <x-slot:button-title>
+                                    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 text-error" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+                                        stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round"
+                                        stroke-linejoin="round">
+                                        <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path>
+                                        <path
+                                            d="M6 5m0 1a1 1 0 0 1 1 -1h2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v12a1 1 0 0 1 -1 1h-2a1 1 0 0 1 -1 -1z">
+                                        </path>
+                                        <path
+                                            d="M14 5m0 1a1 1 0 0 1 1 -1h2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v12a1 1 0 0 1 -1 1h-2a1 1 0 0 1 -1 -1z">
+                                        </path>
+                                    </svg>
+                                    Stop
+                                </x-slot:button-title>
+                            </x-modal-confirmation>
+                        @else
+                            <x-forms.button canGate="deploy" :canResource="$application" wire:click='deploy'>
+                                <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning"
+                                    viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" fill="none"
+                                    stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round">
+                                    <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" />
+                                    <path d="M7 4v16l13 -8z" />
                                 </svg>
-                                Stop
-                            </x-slot:button-title>
-                        </x-modal-confirmation>
-                    @else
-                        <x-forms.button wire:click='deploy'>
-                            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning"
-                                viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" fill="none"
-                                stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round">
-                                <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" />
-                                <path d="M7 4v16l13 -8z" />
-                            </svg>
-                            Deploy
-                        </x-forms.button>
-                    @endif
-                </div>
+                                Deploy
+                            </x-forms.button>
+                        @endif
+                    </div>
             @endif
         </div>
     </div>
diff --git a/resources/views/livewire/project/database/heading.blade.php b/resources/views/livewire/project/database/heading.blade.php
index 4087769cc..56c92110f 100644
--- a/resources/views/livewire/project/database/heading.blade.php
+++ b/resources/views/livewire/project/database/heading.blade.php
@@ -38,72 +38,72 @@
             @endif
         </nav>
         @if ($database->destination->server->isFunctional())
-            <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-2 items-center">
-                @if (!str($database->status)->startsWith('exited'))
-                    <x-modal-confirmation title="Confirm Database Restart?" buttonTitle="Restart" submitAction="restart"
-                        :actions="[
-                            'This database will be unavailable during the restart.',
-                            'If the database is currently in use data could be lost.',
-                        ]" :confirmWithText="false" :confirmWithPassword="false" step2ButtonText="Restart Database"
-                        :dispatchEvent="true" dispatchEventType="restartEvent">
-                        <x-slot:button-title>
-                            <svg class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
-                                xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
-                                <g fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"
-                                    stroke-width="2">
-                                    <path d="M19.933 13.041a8 8 0 1 1-9.925-8.788c3.899-1 7.935 1.007 9.425 4.747" />
-                                    <path d="M20 4v5h-5" />
-                                </g>
-                            </svg>
-                            Restart
-                        </x-slot:button-title>
-                    </x-modal-confirmation>
-                    <x-modal-confirmation title="Confirm Database Stopping?" buttonTitle="Stop" submitAction="stop"
-                        :checkboxes="$checkboxes" :actions="[
-                            'This database will be stopped.',
-                            'If the database is currently in use data could be lost.',
-                            'All non-persistent data of this database (containers, networks, unused images) will be deleted (don\'t worry, no data is lost and you can start the database again).',
-                        ]" :confirmWithText="false" :confirmWithPassword="false"
-                        step1ButtonText="Continue" step2ButtonText="Confirm">
-                        <x-slot:button-title>
-                            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 text-error" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
-                                stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round"
+                <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-2 items-center">
+                    @if (!str($database->status)->startsWith('exited'))
+                        <x-modal-confirmation :disabled="!auth()->user()->can('manage', $database)" title="Confirm Database Restart?" buttonTitle="Restart" submitAction="restart"
+                            :actions="[
+                                'This database will be unavailable during the restart.',
+                                'If the database is currently in use data could be lost.',
+                            ]" :confirmWithText="false" :confirmWithPassword="false" step2ButtonText="Restart Database"
+                            :dispatchEvent="true" dispatchEventType="restartEvent">
+                            <x-slot:button-title>
+                                <svg class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+                                    xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+                                    <g fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"
+                                        stroke-width="2">
+                                        <path d="M19.933 13.041a8 8 0 1 1-9.925-8.788c3.899-1 7.935 1.007 9.425 4.747" />
+                                        <path d="M20 4v5h-5" />
+                                    </g>
+                                </svg>
+                                Restart
+                            </x-slot:button-title>
+                        </x-modal-confirmation>
+                        <x-modal-confirmation :disabled="!auth()->user()->can('manage', $database)" title="Confirm Database Stopping?" buttonTitle="Stop" submitAction="stop"
+                            :checkboxes="$checkboxes" :actions="[
+                                'This database will be stopped.',
+                                'If the database is currently in use data could be lost.',
+                                'All non-persistent data of this database (containers, networks, unused images) will be deleted (don\'t worry, no data is lost and you can start the database again).',
+                            ]" :confirmWithText="false" :confirmWithPassword="false"
+                            step1ButtonText="Continue" step2ButtonText="Confirm">
+                            <x-slot:button-title>
+                                <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 text-error" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+                                    stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round"
+                                    stroke-linejoin="round">
+                                    <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path>
+                                    <path d="M6 5m0 1a1 1 0 0 1 1 -1h2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v12a1 1 0 0 1 -1 1h-2a1 1 0 0 1 -1 -1z">
+                                    </path>
+                                    <path
+                                        d="M14 5m0 1a1 1 0 0 1 1 -1h2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v12a1 1 0 0 1 -1 1h-2a1 1 0 0 1 -1 -1z">
+                                    </path>
+                                </svg>
+                                Stop
+                            </x-slot:button-title>
+                        </x-modal-confirmation>
+                    @else
+                        <button @disabled(!auth()->user()->can('manage', $database)) @click="$wire.dispatch('startEvent')" class="gap-2 button">
+                            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+                                stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round"
                                 stroke-linejoin="round">
-                                <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path>
-                                <path d="M6 5m0 1a1 1 0 0 1 1 -1h2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v12a1 1 0 0 1 -1 1h-2a1 1 0 0 1 -1 -1z">
-                                </path>
-                                <path
-                                    d="M14 5m0 1a1 1 0 0 1 1 -1h2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v12a1 1 0 0 1 -1 1h-2a1 1 0 0 1 -1 -1z">
-                                </path>
+                                <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" />
+                                <path d="M7 4v16l13 -8z" />
                             </svg>
-                            Stop
-                        </x-slot:button-title>
-                    </x-modal-confirmation>
-                @else
-                    <button @click="$wire.dispatch('startEvent')" class="gap-2 button">
-                        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
-                            stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round"
-                            stroke-linejoin="round">
-                            <path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" />
-                            <path d="M7 4v16l13 -8z" />
-                        </svg>
-                        Start
-                    </button>
-                @endif
-                @script
-                    <script>
-                        $wire.$on('startEvent', () => {
-                            window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('startdatabase'));
-                            $wire.$call('start');
-                        });
-                        $wire.$on('restartEvent', () => {
-                            $wire.$dispatch('info', 'Restarting database.');
-                            window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('startdatabase'));
-                            $wire.$call('restart');
-                        });
-                    </script>
-                @endscript
-            </div>
+                            Start
+                        </button>
+                    @endif
+                    @script
+                        <script>
+                            $wire.$on('startEvent', () => {
+                                window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('startdatabase'));
+                                $wire.$call('start');
+                            });
+                            $wire.$on('restartEvent', () => {
+                                $wire.$dispatch('info', 'Restarting database.');
+                                window.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('startdatabase'));
+                                $wire.$call('restart');
+                            });
+                        </script>
+                    @endscript
+                </div>
         @else
             <div class="text-error">Underlying server is not functional.</div>
         @endif
diff --git a/resources/views/livewire/project/service/heading.blade.php b/resources/views/livewire/project/service/heading.blade.php
index c33ebc279..af057813c 100644
--- a/resources/views/livewire/project/service/heading.blade.php
+++ b/resources/views/livewire/project/service/heading.blade.php
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
             <div class="flex flex-wrap order-first gap-2 items-center sm:order-last">
                 <x-services.advanced :service="$service" />
                 @if (str($service->status)->contains('running'))
-                    <x-forms.button title="Restart" @click="$wire.dispatch('restartEvent')">
+                    <x-forms.button canGate="deploy" :canResource="$service" title="Restart" @click="$wire.dispatch('restartEvent')">
                         <svg class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
                             <g fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"
                                 stroke-width="2">
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
                         </svg>
                         Restart
                     </x-forms.button>
-                    <x-modal-confirmation title="Confirm Service Stopping?" buttonTitle="Stop" :dispatchEvent="true"
+                    <x-modal-confirmation :disabled="!auth()->user()->can('stop', $service)" title="Confirm Service Stopping?" buttonTitle="Stop" :dispatchEvent="true"
                         submitAction="stop" dispatchEventType="stopEvent" :checkboxes="$checkboxes" :actions="[__('service.stop'), __('resource.non_persistent')]"
                         :confirmWithText="false" :confirmWithPassword="false" step1ButtonText="Continue" step2ButtonText="Confirm">
                         <x-slot:button-title>
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
                         </x-slot:button-title>
                     </x-modal-confirmation>
                 @elseif (str($service->status)->contains('degraded'))
-                    <x-forms.button title="Restart" @click="$wire.dispatch('restartEvent')">
+                    <x-forms.button canGate="deploy" :canResource="$service" title="Restart" @click="$wire.dispatch('restartEvent')">
                         <svg class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
                             <g fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"
                                 stroke-width="2">
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
                         </svg>
                         Restart
                     </x-forms.button>
-                    <x-modal-confirmation title="Confirm Service Stopping?" buttonTitle="Stop" :dispatchEvent="true"
+                    <x-modal-confirmation :disabled="!auth()->user()->can('stop', $service)" title="Confirm Service Stopping?" buttonTitle="Stop" :dispatchEvent="true"
                         submitAction="stop" dispatchEventType="stopEvent" :checkboxes="$checkboxes" :actions="[__('service.stop'), __('resource.non_persistent')]"
                         :confirmWithText="false" :confirmWithPassword="false" step1ButtonText="Continue" step2ButtonText="Confirm">
                         <x-slot:button-title>
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
                         </x-slot:button-title>
                     </x-modal-confirmation>
                 @elseif (str($service->status)->contains('exited'))
-                    <button @click="$wire.dispatch('startEvent')" class="gap-2 button">
+                    <button @disabled(!auth()->user()->can('deploy', $service)) @click="$wire.dispatch('startEvent')" class="gap-2 button">
                         <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
                             stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round"
                             stroke-linejoin="round">
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
                         Deploy
                     </button>
                 @else
-                    <x-modal-confirmation title="Confirm Service Stopping?" buttonTitle="Stop" :dispatchEvent="true"
+                    <x-modal-confirmation :disabled="!auth()->user()->can('stop', $service)" title="Confirm Service Stopping?" buttonTitle="Stop" :dispatchEvent="true"
                         submitAction="stop" dispatchEventType="stopEvent" :checkboxes="$checkboxes" :actions="[__('service.stop'), __('resource.non_persistent')]"
                         :confirmWithText="false" :confirmWithPassword="false" step1ButtonText="Continue" step2ButtonText="Confirm">
                         <x-slot:button-title>
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
                             Stop
                         </x-slot:button-title>
                     </x-modal-confirmation>
-                    <button @click="$wire.dispatch('startEvent')" class="gap-2 button">
+                    <button @disabled(!auth()->user()->can('deploy', $service)) @click="$wire.dispatch('startEvent')" class="gap-2 button">
                         <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="w-5 h-5 dark:text-warning" viewBox="0 0 24 24"
                             stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round"
                             stroke-linejoin="round">
diff --git a/resources/views/livewire/project/shared/health-checks.blade.php b/resources/views/livewire/project/shared/health-checks.blade.php
index 730353c87..44c0f2fc5 100644
--- a/resources/views/livewire/project/shared/health-checks.blade.php
+++ b/resources/views/livewire/project/shared/health-checks.blade.php
@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
         <h2>Healthchecks</h2>
         <x-forms.button canGate="update" :canResource="$resource" type="submit">Save</x-forms.button>
         @if (!$healthCheckEnabled)
-            <x-modal-confirmation title="Confirm Healthcheck Enable?" buttonTitle="Enable Healthcheck"
-                submitAction="toggleHealthcheck" :actions="['Enable healthcheck for this resource.']"
-                warningMessage="If the health check fails, your application will become inaccessible. Please review the <a href='https://coolify.io/docs/knowledge-base/health-checks' target='_blank' class='underline text-white'>Health Checks</a> guide before proceeding!"
-                step2ButtonText="Enable Healthcheck" :confirmWithText="false" :confirmWithPassword="false"
-                isHighlightedButton>
-            </x-modal-confirmation>
+                <x-modal-confirmation :disabled="!auth()->user()->can('update', $resource)" title="Confirm Healthcheck Enable?" buttonTitle="Enable Healthcheck"
+                    submitAction="toggleHealthcheck" :actions="['Enable healthcheck for this resource.']"
+                    warningMessage="If the health check fails, your application will become inaccessible. Please review the <a href='https://coolify.io/docs/knowledge-base/health-checks' target='_blank' class='underline text-white'>Health Checks</a> guide before proceeding!"
+                    step2ButtonText="Enable Healthcheck" :confirmWithText="false" :confirmWithPassword="false"
+                    isHighlightedButton>
+                </x-modal-confirmation>
         @else
             <x-forms.button canGate="update" :canResource="$resource" wire:click="toggleHealthcheck">Disable Healthcheck</x-forms.button>
         @endif
diff --git a/resources/views/livewire/security/api-tokens.blade.php b/resources/views/livewire/security/api-tokens.blade.php
index 23f0e263e..1a7b6eb79 100644
--- a/resources/views/livewire/security/api-tokens.blade.php
+++ b/resources/views/livewire/security/api-tokens.blade.php
@@ -50,8 +50,13 @@
                             helper="Write access requires admin or owner role" :checked="false"></x-forms.checkbox>
                     @endif
 
-                    <x-forms.checkbox label="deploy" wire:model.live="permissions" domValue="deploy"
-                        helper="Can trigger deploy webhooks." :checked="in_array('deploy', $permissions)"></x-forms.checkbox>
+                    @if ($canUseDeployPermissions)
+                        <x-forms.checkbox label="deploy" wire:model.live="permissions" domValue="deploy"
+                            helper="Can trigger deploy webhooks." :checked="in_array('deploy', $permissions)"></x-forms.checkbox>
+                    @else
+                        <x-forms.checkbox label="deploy (admin/owner only)" disabled domValue="deploy"
+                            helper="Deploy access requires admin or owner role" :checked="false"></x-forms.checkbox>
+                    @endif
                     <x-forms.checkbox label="read" domValue="read" wire:model.live="permissions" domValue="read"
                         :checked="in_array('read', $permissions)"></x-forms.checkbox>
                     <x-forms.checkbox label="read:sensitive" wire:model.live="permissions" domValue="read:sensitive"
diff --git a/resources/views/livewire/server/navbar.blade.php b/resources/views/livewire/server/navbar.blade.php
index 4be11f51a..4e53cd80e 100644
--- a/resources/views/livewire/server/navbar.blade.php
+++ b/resources/views/livewire/server/navbar.blade.php
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
     <div class="subtitle">{{ data_get($server, 'name') }}</div>
     <div class="navbar-main">
         <nav
-            class="flex items-center gap-4 overflow-x-scroll sm:overflow-x-hidden scrollbar min-h-10 whitespace-nowrap pt-2">
+            class="flex items-center gap-6 overflow-x-scroll sm:overflow-x-hidden scrollbar min-h-10 whitespace-nowrap pt-2">
             <a class="{{ request()->routeIs('server.show') ? 'dark:text-white' : '' }}" href="{{ route('server.show', [
     'server_uuid' => data_get($server, 'uuid'),
 ]) }}" {{ wireNavigate() }}>
diff --git a/resources/views/livewire/server/resources.blade.php b/resources/views/livewire/server/resources.blade.php
index 8610cd704..a13f88e83 100644
--- a/resources/views/livewire/server/resources.blade.php
+++ b/resources/views/livewire/server/resources.blade.php
@@ -134,22 +134,22 @@
                                                             {{ data_get($resource, 'State') }}
                                                         </td>
                                                         <td class="flex gap-2 px-5 py-4 text-sm whitespace-nowrap">
-                                                            @if (data_get($resource, 'State') === 'running')
-                                                                <x-forms.button
-                                                                    wire:click="restartUnmanaged('{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}')"
-                                                                    wire:key="{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}">Restart</x-forms.button>
-                                                                <x-forms.button isError
-                                                                    wire:click="stopUnmanaged('{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}')"
-                                                                    wire:key="{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}">Stop</x-forms.button>
-                                                            @elseif (data_get($resource, 'State') === 'exited')
-                                                                <x-forms.button
-                                                                    wire:click="startUnmanaged('{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}')"
-                                                                    wire:key="{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}">Start</x-forms.button>
-                                                            @elseif (data_get($resource, 'State') === 'restarting')
-                                                                <x-forms.button
-                                                                    wire:click="stopUnmanaged('{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}')"
-                                                                    wire:key="{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}">Stop</x-forms.button>
-                                                            @endif
+                                                                @if (data_get($resource, 'State') === 'running')
+                                                                    <x-forms.button canGate="update" :canResource="$server"
+                                                                        wire:click="restartUnmanaged('{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}')"
+                                                                        wire:key="{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}">Restart</x-forms.button>
+                                                                    <x-forms.button canGate="update" :canResource="$server" isError
+                                                                        wire:click="stopUnmanaged('{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}')"
+                                                                        wire:key="{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}">Stop</x-forms.button>
+                                                                @elseif (data_get($resource, 'State') === 'exited')
+                                                                    <x-forms.button canGate="update" :canResource="$server"
+                                                                        wire:click="startUnmanaged('{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}')"
+                                                                        wire:key="{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}">Start</x-forms.button>
+                                                                @elseif (data_get($resource, 'State') === 'restarting')
+                                                                    <x-forms.button canGate="update" :canResource="$server"
+                                                                        wire:click="stopUnmanaged('{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}')"
+                                                                        wire:key="{{ data_get($resource, 'ID') }}">Stop</x-forms.button>
+                                                                @endif
                                                         </td>
                                                     </tr>
                                                 @endforeach
diff --git a/tasks/lessons.md b/tasks/lessons.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c4e4cc24d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tasks/lessons.md
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Lessons Learned
+
+## Docker / Worktree Setup
+- The Docker dev container mounts from `young-stork` worktree, NOT `ivory-raccoon`
+- Do NOT copy files to `young-stork` or use `docker cp` — only modify files in the `ivory-raccoon` worktree
+- Do NOT use `docker exec` to run tests — work entirely within the `ivory-raccoon` worktree
+
+## Policy Tests
+- Policy methods have typed parameters (e.g., `Server $server`) — anonymous classes cause TypeError
+- Must use `Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial()` instead of anonymous classes for model stubs
+- Use `shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('property')->andReturn(value)` for model properties accessed via relationship chains
diff --git a/tests/Feature/TeamPolicyTest.php b/tests/Feature/TeamPolicyTest.php
index d6a65e231..53b716095 100644
--- a/tests/Feature/TeamPolicyTest.php
+++ b/tests/Feature/TeamPolicyTest.php
@@ -156,6 +156,54 @@ describe('manageInvitations permission (privilege escalation fix)', function ()
     });
 });
 
+describe('create team', function () {
+    test('member can create a new independent team', function () {
+        $this->actingAs($this->member);
+        session(['currentTeam' => $this->team]);
+
+        $newTeam = Team::create([
+            'name' => 'New Team',
+            'description' => 'Created by member',
+            'personal_team' => false,
+        ]);
+
+        expect($newTeam)->toBeInstanceOf(Team::class)
+            ->and($newTeam->name)->toBe('New Team');
+    });
+
+    test('member cannot update an existing team', function () {
+        $this->actingAs($this->member);
+        session(['currentTeam' => $this->team]);
+
+        expect(fn () => $this->team->update(['name' => 'Hacked']))
+            ->toThrow(\Exception::class, 'You are not allowed to update this team.');
+    });
+
+    test('owner can create a new team', function () {
+        $this->actingAs($this->owner);
+        session(['currentTeam' => $this->team]);
+
+        $newTeam = Team::create([
+            'name' => 'Owner New Team',
+            'personal_team' => false,
+        ]);
+
+        expect($newTeam)->toBeInstanceOf(Team::class);
+    });
+
+    test('admin can create a new team', function () {
+        $this->actingAs($this->admin);
+        session(['currentTeam' => $this->team]);
+
+        $newTeam = Team::create([
+            'name' => 'Admin New Team',
+            'personal_team' => false,
+        ]);
+
+        expect($newTeam)->toBeInstanceOf(Team::class);
+    });
+});
+
 describe('view permission', function () {
     test('owner can view team', function () {
         $this->actingAs($this->owner);
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/ApiTokenPolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/ApiTokenPolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..98b59319a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/ApiTokenPolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\ApiTokenPolicy;
+use Laravel\Sanctum\PersonalAccessToken;
+
+it('allows any user to view any api tokens', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows any user to create api tokens', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows any user to manage api tokens', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->manage($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows owner to view their own api token', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->id = 1;
+
+    $token = Mockery::mock(PersonalAccessToken::class)->makePartial();
+    $token->tokenable_id = 1;
+    $token->tokenable_type = User::class;
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $token))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-owner from viewing api token', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->id = 2;
+
+    $token = Mockery::mock(PersonalAccessToken::class)->makePartial();
+    $token->tokenable_id = 1;
+    $token->tokenable_type = User::class;
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $token))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows owner to update their own api token', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->id = 1;
+
+    $token = Mockery::mock(PersonalAccessToken::class)->makePartial();
+    $token->tokenable_id = 1;
+    $token->tokenable_type = User::class;
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $token))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-owner from updating api token', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->id = 2;
+
+    $token = Mockery::mock(PersonalAccessToken::class)->makePartial();
+    $token->tokenable_id = 1;
+    $token->tokenable_type = User::class;
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $token))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows owner to delete their own api token', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->id = 1;
+
+    $token = Mockery::mock(PersonalAccessToken::class)->makePartial();
+    $token->tokenable_id = 1;
+    $token->tokenable_type = User::class;
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $token))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-owner from deleting api token', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->id = 2;
+
+    $token = Mockery::mock(PersonalAccessToken::class)->makePartial();
+    $token->tokenable_id = 1;
+    $token->tokenable_type = User::class;
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $token))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to use root permissions', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->useRootPermissions($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows owner to use root permissions', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+    $user->shouldReceive('isOwner')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->useRootPermissions($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member from using root permissions', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+    $user->shouldReceive('isOwner')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->useRootPermissions($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to use write permissions', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->useWritePermissions($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member from using write permissions', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+    $user->shouldReceive('isOwner')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->useWritePermissions($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to use deploy permissions', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->useDeployPermissions($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows owner to use deploy permissions', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+    $user->shouldReceive('isOwner')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->useDeployPermissions($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member from using deploy permissions', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+    $user->shouldReceive('isOwner')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ApiTokenPolicy;
+    expect($policy->useDeployPermissions($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/ApplicationPolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/ApplicationPolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e3c80a4e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/ApplicationPolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\Application;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\ApplicationPolicy;
+
+it('allows any user to view any applications', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view their own team application', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $application))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-member to view another team application', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 2]);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $application))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies view when application has no team', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $application))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to create an application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member to create an application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update their own team application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $application)->allowed())->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to update their own team application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $application)->allowed())->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies update when application has no team', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $application)->allowed())->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to delete their own team application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $application))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to delete their own team application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $application))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies delete when application has no team', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $application))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to deploy their own team application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->deploy($user, $application))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to deploy their own team application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->deploy($user, $application))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to manage deployments', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageDeployments($user, $application))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to manage deployments', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageDeployments($user, $application))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to manage environment variables', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageEnvironment($user, $application))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to manage environment variables', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageEnvironment($user, $application))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to cleanup deployment queue', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->cleanupDeploymentQueue($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member to cleanup deployment queue', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->cleanupDeploymentQueue($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restore for any user', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $application))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force delete for any user', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $application))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/ApplicationPreviewPolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/ApplicationPreviewPolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..38e4eef29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/ApplicationPreviewPolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\Application;
+use App\Models\ApplicationPreview;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+
+it('allows any user to view any application previews', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view application preview', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'member']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $preview))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-team member from viewing application preview', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 2, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'member']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $preview))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies viewing application preview with null application', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'admin']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $preview))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin user to create application preview', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-admin user from creating application preview', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update application preview', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $preview)->allowed())->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member from updating application preview', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $preview)->allowed())->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies updating application preview with null application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    $response = $policy->update($user, $preview);
+    expect($response->allowed())->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to delete application preview', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $preview))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member from deleting application preview', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $preview))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies deleting application preview with null application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $preview))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to deploy application preview', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->deploy($user, $preview))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member from deploying application preview', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->deploy($user, $preview))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to manage preview deployments', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageDeployments($user, $preview))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member from managing preview deployments', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageDeployments($user, $preview))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restoring application preview', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $preview))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force deleting application preview', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $preview = Mockery::mock(ApplicationPreview::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationPreviewPolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $preview))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/ApplicationSettingPolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/ApplicationSettingPolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c595a3e96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/ApplicationSettingPolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\Application;
+use App\Models\ApplicationSetting;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+
+it('allows any user to view any application settings', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view application setting', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'member']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $setting = Mockery::mock(ApplicationSetting::class)->makePartial();
+    $setting->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $setting))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-team member from viewing application setting', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 2, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'member']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $setting = Mockery::mock(ApplicationSetting::class)->makePartial();
+    $setting->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $setting))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies viewing application setting with null application', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'admin']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $setting = Mockery::mock(ApplicationSetting::class)->makePartial();
+    $setting->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $setting))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin user to create application setting', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-admin user from creating application setting', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update application setting', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $setting = Mockery::mock(ApplicationSetting::class)->makePartial();
+    $setting->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $setting))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member from updating application setting', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $setting = Mockery::mock(ApplicationSetting::class)->makePartial();
+    $setting->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $setting))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies updating application setting with null application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $setting = Mockery::mock(ApplicationSetting::class)->makePartial();
+    $setting->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $setting))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to delete application setting', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $setting = Mockery::mock(ApplicationSetting::class)->makePartial();
+    $setting->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $setting))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member from deleting application setting', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $team = (object) ['id' => 1];
+    $application = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $application->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn($team);
+
+    $setting = Mockery::mock(ApplicationSetting::class)->makePartial();
+    $setting->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn($application);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $setting))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies deleting application setting with null application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $setting = Mockery::mock(ApplicationSetting::class)->makePartial();
+    $setting->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('application')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $setting))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restoring application setting', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $setting = Mockery::mock(ApplicationSetting::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $setting))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force deleting application setting', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $setting = Mockery::mock(ApplicationSetting::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ApplicationSettingPolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $setting))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/DatabasePolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/DatabasePolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9924a43cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/DatabasePolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\StandalonePostgresql;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\DatabasePolicy;
+
+it('allows any user to view any databases', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view their own team database', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $database))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-member to view another team database', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 2]);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $database))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies view when database has no team', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $database))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to create a database', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member to create a database', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update their own team database', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $database)->allowed())->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to update their own team database', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $database)->allowed())->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies update when database has no team', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $database)->allowed())->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to delete their own team database', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $database))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to delete their own team database', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $database))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies delete when database has no team', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $database))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to manage their own team database', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->manage($user, $database))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to manage their own team database', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->manage($user, $database))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to manage backups', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageBackups($user, $database))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to manage backups', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageBackups($user, $database))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to manage database environment variables', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageEnvironment($user, $database))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to manage database environment variables', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+    $database->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageEnvironment($user, $database))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restore for any user', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $database))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force delete for any user', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $database = Mockery::mock(StandalonePostgresql::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new DatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $database))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/EnvironmentPolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/EnvironmentPolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3fe8f1703
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/EnvironmentPolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\Environment;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\EnvironmentPolicy;
+
+it('allows any user to view any environments', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view their own team environment', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $environment = Mockery::mock(Environment::class)->makePartial();
+    $environment->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('project')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $environment))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-member to view another team environment', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $environment = Mockery::mock(Environment::class)->makePartial();
+    $environment->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('project')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 2]);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $environment))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies view when environment has no project', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $environment = Mockery::mock(Environment::class)->makePartial();
+    $environment->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('project')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $environment))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to create an environment', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member to create an environment', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update their own team environment', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $environment = Mockery::mock(Environment::class)->makePartial();
+    $environment->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('project')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $environment))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to update their own team environment', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $environment = Mockery::mock(Environment::class)->makePartial();
+    $environment->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('project')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $environment))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies update when environment has no project', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $environment = Mockery::mock(Environment::class)->makePartial();
+    $environment->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('project')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $environment))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to delete their own team environment', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $environment = Mockery::mock(Environment::class)->makePartial();
+    $environment->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('project')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $environment))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to delete their own team environment', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $environment = Mockery::mock(Environment::class)->makePartial();
+    $environment->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('project')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $environment))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies delete when environment has no project', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $environment = Mockery::mock(Environment::class)->makePartial();
+    $environment->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('project')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $environment))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restore for any user', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $environment = Mockery::mock(Environment::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $environment))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force delete for any user', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $environment = Mockery::mock(Environment::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentPolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $environment))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/EnvironmentVariablePolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/EnvironmentVariablePolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d5d3ec410
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/EnvironmentVariablePolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\Application;
+use App\Models\EnvironmentVariable;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
+
+it('allows any user to view any environment variables', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->teams = new Collection([(object) ['id' => 1]]);
+
+    $resource = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $resource->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('resourceable')->andReturn($resource);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $envVar))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-team member from viewing environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->teams = new Collection([(object) ['id' => 2]]);
+
+    $resource = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $resource->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('resourceable')->andReturn($resource);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $envVar))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies view when resourceable is null', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->teams = new Collection([(object) ['id' => 1]]);
+
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('resourceable')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $envVar))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to create environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member from creating environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $resource = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $resource->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('resourceable')->andReturn($resource);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $envVar))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-admin from updating environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $resource = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $resource->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('resourceable')->andReturn($resource);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $envVar))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies update when resourceable is null', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('resourceable')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $envVar))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to delete environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $resource = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $resource->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('resourceable')->andReturn($resource);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $envVar))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-admin from deleting environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $resource = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $resource->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('resourceable')->andReturn($resource);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $envVar))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies delete when resourceable is null', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('resourceable')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $envVar))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restore for environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $envVar))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force delete for environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $envVar))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to manage environment', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $resource = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $resource->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('resourceable')->andReturn($resource);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageEnvironment($user, $envVar))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-admin from managing environment', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $resource = Mockery::mock(Application::class)->makePartial();
+    $resource->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('resourceable')->andReturn($resource);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageEnvironment($user, $envVar))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies manage environment when resourceable is null', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $envVar = Mockery::mock(EnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $envVar->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('resourceable')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new EnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageEnvironment($user, $envVar))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/GithubAppPolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/GithubAppPolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1aa09395f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/GithubAppPolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\GithubApp;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\GithubAppPolicy;
+
+it('allows any user to view any github apps', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows any user to view system-wide github app', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(GithubApp::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+    $model->is_system_wide = true;
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $model))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view non-system-wide github app', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'member']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(GithubApp::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+    $model->is_system_wide = false;
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $model))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-team member to view non-system-wide github app', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 2, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'member']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(GithubApp::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+    $model->is_system_wide = false;
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $model))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to create github app', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-admin to create github app', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows user with system access to update system-wide github app', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('canAccessSystemResources')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(GithubApp::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+    $model->is_system_wide = true;
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $model))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies user without system access to update system-wide github app', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('canAccessSystemResources')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(GithubApp::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+    $model->is_system_wide = true;
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $model))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update non-system-wide github app', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(GithubApp::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+    $model->is_system_wide = false;
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $model))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to update non-system-wide github app', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(GithubApp::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+    $model->is_system_wide = false;
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $model))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows user with system access to delete system-wide github app', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('canAccessSystemResources')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(GithubApp::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+    $model->is_system_wide = true;
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $model))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies user without system access to delete system-wide github app', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('canAccessSystemResources')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(GithubApp::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+    $model->is_system_wide = true;
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $model))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to delete non-system-wide github app', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(GithubApp::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+    $model->is_system_wide = false;
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $model))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to delete non-system-wide github app', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(GithubApp::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+    $model->is_system_wide = false;
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $model))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restore of github app', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(GithubApp::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+    $model->is_system_wide = false;
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $model))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force delete of github app', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(GithubApp::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+    $model->is_system_wide = false;
+
+    $policy = new GithubAppPolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $model))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/NotificationPolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/NotificationPolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0843a71c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/NotificationPolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\NotificationPolicy;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
+
+it('allows team member to view notification settings', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'member']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $notification))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-team member from viewing notification settings', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 2, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'member']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $notification))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies viewing notification settings with no team', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $notification))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update notification settings', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $notification))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member from updating notification settings', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $notification))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies updating notification settings with no team', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $notification))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to manage notification settings', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->manage($user, $notification))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member from managing notification settings', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->manage($user, $notification))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies managing notification settings with no team', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->manage($user, $notification))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to send test notification', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->sendTest($user, $notification))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member from sending test notification', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->sendTest($user, $notification))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies sending test notification with no team', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->sendTest($user, $notification))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view but not update notification settings', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'member']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $notification))->toBeTrue();
+    expect($policy->update($user, $notification))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to view and update notification settings', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'admin']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $notification = Mockery::mock(Model::class)->makePartial();
+    $notification->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new NotificationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $notification))->toBeTrue();
+    expect($policy->update($user, $notification))->toBeTrue();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/PrivateKeyPolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/PrivateKeyPolicyTest.php
index 6844d92f7..281fdd5f8 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Policies/PrivateKeyPolicyTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/PrivateKeyPolicyTest.php
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 <?php
 
+use App\Models\PrivateKey;
 use App\Models\User;
 use App\Policies\PrivateKeyPolicy;
 
@@ -11,10 +12,8 @@ it('allows root team admin to view system private key', function () {
     $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
     $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
 
-    $privateKey = new class
-    {
-        public $team_id = 0;
-    };
+    $privateKey = Mockery::mock(PrivateKey::class)->makePartial();
+    $privateKey->team_id = 0;
 
     $policy = new PrivateKeyPolicy;
     expect($policy->view($user, $privateKey))->toBeTrue();
@@ -28,10 +27,8 @@ it('allows root team owner to view system private key', function () {
     $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
     $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
 
-    $privateKey = new class
-    {
-        public $team_id = 0;
-    };
+    $privateKey = Mockery::mock(PrivateKey::class)->makePartial();
+    $privateKey->team_id = 0;
 
     $policy = new PrivateKeyPolicy;
     expect($policy->view($user, $privateKey))->toBeTrue();
@@ -45,10 +42,8 @@ it('denies regular member of root team to view system private key', function ()
     $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
     $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
 
-    $privateKey = new class
-    {
-        public $team_id = 0;
-    };
+    $privateKey = Mockery::mock(PrivateKey::class)->makePartial();
+    $privateKey->team_id = 0;
 
     $policy = new PrivateKeyPolicy;
     expect($policy->view($user, $privateKey))->toBeFalse();
@@ -62,10 +57,8 @@ it('denies non-root team member to view system private key', function () {
     $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
     $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
 
-    $privateKey = new class
-    {
-        public $team_id = 0;
-    };
+    $privateKey = Mockery::mock(PrivateKey::class)->makePartial();
+    $privateKey->team_id = 0;
 
     $policy = new PrivateKeyPolicy;
     expect($policy->view($user, $privateKey))->toBeFalse();
@@ -79,10 +72,8 @@ it('allows team member to view their own team private key', function () {
     $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
     $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
 
-    $privateKey = new class
-    {
-        public $team_id = 1;
-    };
+    $privateKey = Mockery::mock(PrivateKey::class)->makePartial();
+    $privateKey->team_id = 1;
 
     $policy = new PrivateKeyPolicy;
     expect($policy->view($user, $privateKey))->toBeTrue();
@@ -96,10 +87,8 @@ it('denies team member to view another team private key', function () {
     $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
     $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
 
-    $privateKey = new class
-    {
-        public $team_id = 2;
-    };
+    $privateKey = Mockery::mock(PrivateKey::class)->makePartial();
+    $privateKey->team_id = 2;
 
     $policy = new PrivateKeyPolicy;
     expect($policy->view($user, $privateKey))->toBeFalse();
@@ -113,10 +102,8 @@ it('allows root team admin to update system private key', function () {
     $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
     $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
 
-    $privateKey = new class
-    {
-        public $team_id = 0;
-    };
+    $privateKey = Mockery::mock(PrivateKey::class)->makePartial();
+    $privateKey->team_id = 0;
 
     $policy = new PrivateKeyPolicy;
     expect($policy->update($user, $privateKey))->toBeTrue();
@@ -130,10 +117,8 @@ it('denies root team member to update system private key', function () {
     $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
     $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
 
-    $privateKey = new class
-    {
-        public $team_id = 0;
-    };
+    $privateKey = Mockery::mock(PrivateKey::class)->makePartial();
+    $privateKey->team_id = 0;
 
     $policy = new PrivateKeyPolicy;
     expect($policy->update($user, $privateKey))->toBeFalse();
@@ -147,10 +132,8 @@ it('allows team admin to update their own team private key', function () {
     $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
     $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
 
-    $privateKey = new class
-    {
-        public $team_id = 1;
-    };
+    $privateKey = Mockery::mock(PrivateKey::class)->makePartial();
+    $privateKey->team_id = 1;
 
     $policy = new PrivateKeyPolicy;
     expect($policy->update($user, $privateKey))->toBeTrue();
@@ -164,10 +147,8 @@ it('denies team member to update their own team private key', function () {
     $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
     $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
 
-    $privateKey = new class
-    {
-        public $team_id = 1;
-    };
+    $privateKey = Mockery::mock(PrivateKey::class)->makePartial();
+    $privateKey->team_id = 1;
 
     $policy = new PrivateKeyPolicy;
     expect($policy->update($user, $privateKey))->toBeFalse();
@@ -181,10 +162,8 @@ it('allows root team admin to delete system private key', function () {
     $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
     $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
 
-    $privateKey = new class
-    {
-        public $team_id = 0;
-    };
+    $privateKey = Mockery::mock(PrivateKey::class)->makePartial();
+    $privateKey->team_id = 0;
 
     $policy = new PrivateKeyPolicy;
     expect($policy->delete($user, $privateKey))->toBeTrue();
@@ -198,10 +177,8 @@ it('denies root team member to delete system private key', function () {
     $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
     $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
 
-    $privateKey = new class
-    {
-        public $team_id = 0;
-    };
+    $privateKey = Mockery::mock(PrivateKey::class)->makePartial();
+    $privateKey->team_id = 0;
 
     $policy = new PrivateKeyPolicy;
     expect($policy->delete($user, $privateKey))->toBeFalse();
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/ProjectPolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/ProjectPolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8b4a824f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/ProjectPolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\Project;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\ProjectPolicy;
+
+it('allows any user to view any projects', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ProjectPolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view their own team project', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $project = Mockery::mock(Project::class)->makePartial();
+    $project->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ProjectPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $project))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-member to view another team project', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $project = Mockery::mock(Project::class)->makePartial();
+    $project->team_id = 2;
+
+    $policy = new ProjectPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $project))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to create a project', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ProjectPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member to create a project', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ProjectPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update their own team project', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $project = Mockery::mock(Project::class)->makePartial();
+    $project->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ProjectPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $project))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to update their own team project', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $project = Mockery::mock(Project::class)->makePartial();
+    $project->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ProjectPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $project))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to delete their own team project', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $project = Mockery::mock(Project::class)->makePartial();
+    $project->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ProjectPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $project))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to delete their own team project', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $project = Mockery::mock(Project::class)->makePartial();
+    $project->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ProjectPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $project))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restore for any user', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $project = Mockery::mock(Project::class)->makePartial();
+    $project->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ProjectPolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $project))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force delete for any user', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $project = Mockery::mock(Project::class)->makePartial();
+    $project->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ProjectPolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $project))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/ResourceCreatePolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/ResourceCreatePolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..606535467
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/ResourceCreatePolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\Application;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\ResourceCreatePolicy;
+
+it('allows admin to create any resource', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ResourceCreatePolicy;
+    expect($policy->createAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member from creating any resource', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ResourceCreatePolicy;
+    expect($policy->createAny($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to create a valid resource class', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ResourceCreatePolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user, Application::class))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member from creating a valid resource class', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ResourceCreatePolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user, Application::class))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies admin from creating an invalid resource class', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ResourceCreatePolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user, 'App\Models\NonExistent'))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to authorize all resource creation', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ResourceCreatePolicy;
+    expect($policy->authorizeAllResourceCreation($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member from authorizing all resource creation', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ResourceCreatePolicy;
+    expect($policy->authorizeAllResourceCreation($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/ServerPolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/ServerPolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..afa64d090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/ServerPolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\Server;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\ServerPolicy;
+
+it('allows any user to view any servers', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view their own team server', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $server = Mockery::mock(Server::class)->makePartial();
+    $server->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $server))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-member to view another team server', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $server = Mockery::mock(Server::class)->makePartial();
+    $server->team_id = 2;
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $server))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to create a server', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member to create a server', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update their own team server', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $server = Mockery::mock(Server::class)->makePartial();
+    $server->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $server))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to update their own team server', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $server = Mockery::mock(Server::class)->makePartial();
+    $server->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $server))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to delete their own team server', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $server = Mockery::mock(Server::class)->makePartial();
+    $server->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $server))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to delete their own team server', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $server = Mockery::mock(Server::class)->makePartial();
+    $server->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $server))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restore for any user', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $server = Mockery::mock(Server::class)->makePartial();
+    $server->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $server))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force delete for any user', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $server = Mockery::mock(Server::class)->makePartial();
+    $server->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $server))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to manage proxy', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $server = Mockery::mock(Server::class)->makePartial();
+    $server->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageProxy($user, $server))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to manage proxy', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $server = Mockery::mock(Server::class)->makePartial();
+    $server->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageProxy($user, $server))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to manage sentinel, ca certificate, and view security', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $server = Mockery::mock(Server::class)->makePartial();
+    $server->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new ServerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageSentinel($user, $server))->toBeTrue();
+    expect($policy->manageCaCertificate($user, $server))->toBeTrue();
+    expect($policy->viewSecurity($user, $server))->toBeTrue();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/ServiceApplicationPolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/ServiceApplicationPolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..37d68c73e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/ServiceApplicationPolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\ServiceApplication;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\ServiceApplicationPolicy;
+
+it('allows admin to create service application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ServiceApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member from creating service application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ServiceApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restore for service application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $serviceApp = Mockery::mock(ServiceApplication::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ServiceApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $serviceApp))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force delete for service application', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $serviceApp = Mockery::mock(ServiceApplication::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ServiceApplicationPolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $serviceApp))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/ServiceDatabasePolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/ServiceDatabasePolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..44ddd3942
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/ServiceDatabasePolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\ServiceDatabase;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\ServiceDatabasePolicy;
+
+it('allows admin to create service database', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ServiceDatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member from creating service database', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ServiceDatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restore for service database', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $serviceDb = Mockery::mock(ServiceDatabase::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ServiceDatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $serviceDb))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force delete for service database', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $serviceDb = Mockery::mock(ServiceDatabase::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ServiceDatabasePolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $serviceDb))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/ServicePolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/ServicePolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..166fbc617
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/ServicePolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\Service;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\ServicePolicy;
+
+it('allows any user to view any services', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view their own team service', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $service))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-member to view another team service', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 2]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $service))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies view when service has no team', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $service))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to create a service', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies member to create a service', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update their own team service', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $service))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to update their own team service', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $service))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to delete their own team service', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $service))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to delete their own team service', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $service))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies delete when service has no team', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn(null);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $service))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to deploy their own team service', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->deploy($user, $service))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to deploy their own team service', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->deploy($user, $service))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to stop their own team service', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->stop($user, $service))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to stop their own team service', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->stop($user, $service))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to manage service environment variables', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageEnvironment($user, $service))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to manage service environment variables', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageEnvironment($user, $service))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to access terminal', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->accessTerminal($user, $service))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to access terminal', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+    $service->shouldReceive('team')->andReturn((object) ['id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->accessTerminal($user, $service))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restore for any user', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $service))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force delete for any user', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $service = Mockery::mock(Service::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new ServicePolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $service))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e82fbdd85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\SharedEnvironmentVariable;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+
+it('allows any user to view any shared environment variables', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view their team shared environment variable', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'member']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(SharedEnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $model))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-team member to view shared environment variable', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1, 'pivot' => (object) ['role' => 'member']],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(SharedEnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 2;
+
+    $policy = new SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $model))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to create shared environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-admin to create shared environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update shared environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(SharedEnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $model))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to update shared environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(SharedEnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $model))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to delete shared environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(SharedEnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $model))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to delete shared environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(SharedEnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $model))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restore of shared environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(SharedEnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $model))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force delete of shared environment variable', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(SharedEnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $model))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to manage environment', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(SharedEnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageEnvironment($user, $model))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies team member to manage environment', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $model = Mockery::mock(SharedEnvironmentVariable::class)->makePartial();
+    $model->team_id = 1;
+
+    $policy = new SharedEnvironmentVariablePolicy;
+    expect($policy->manageEnvironment($user, $model))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/StandaloneDockerPolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/StandaloneDockerPolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..750aff6c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/StandaloneDockerPolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\StandaloneDocker;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\StandaloneDockerPolicy;
+
+it('allows any user to view any standalone docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new StandaloneDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view their team standalone docker', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $standaloneDocker = Mockery::mock(StandaloneDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $standaloneDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new StandaloneDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $standaloneDocker))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies user from viewing another team standalone docker', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $standaloneDocker = Mockery::mock(StandaloneDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $standaloneDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 2]);
+
+    $policy = new StandaloneDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $standaloneDocker))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to create standalone docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new StandaloneDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-admin from creating standalone docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new StandaloneDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update standalone docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $standaloneDocker = Mockery::mock(StandaloneDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $standaloneDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new StandaloneDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $standaloneDocker))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-admin from updating standalone docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $standaloneDocker = Mockery::mock(StandaloneDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $standaloneDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new StandaloneDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $standaloneDocker))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to delete standalone docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $standaloneDocker = Mockery::mock(StandaloneDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $standaloneDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new StandaloneDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $standaloneDocker))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-admin from deleting standalone docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $standaloneDocker = Mockery::mock(StandaloneDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $standaloneDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new StandaloneDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $standaloneDocker))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restore for standalone docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $standaloneDocker = Mockery::mock(StandaloneDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $standaloneDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new StandaloneDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $standaloneDocker))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force delete for standalone docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $standaloneDocker = Mockery::mock(StandaloneDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $standaloneDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new StandaloneDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $standaloneDocker))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Policies/SwarmDockerPolicyTest.php b/tests/Unit/Policies/SwarmDockerPolicyTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f1b060086
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Policies/SwarmDockerPolicyTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+<?php
+
+use App\Models\SwarmDocker;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Policies\SwarmDockerPolicy;
+
+it('allows any user to view any swarm docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $policy = new SwarmDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->viewAny($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('allows team member to view their team swarm docker', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $swarmDocker = Mockery::mock(SwarmDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $swarmDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new SwarmDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $swarmDocker))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies user from viewing another team swarm docker', function () {
+    $teams = collect([
+        (object) ['id' => 1],
+    ]);
+
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('teams')->andReturn($teams);
+
+    $swarmDocker = Mockery::mock(SwarmDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $swarmDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 2]);
+
+    $policy = new SwarmDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->view($user, $swarmDocker))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows admin to create swarm docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(true);
+
+    $policy = new SwarmDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-admin from creating swarm docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdmin')->andReturn(false);
+
+    $policy = new SwarmDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->create($user))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to update swarm docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $swarmDocker = Mockery::mock(SwarmDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $swarmDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new SwarmDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $swarmDocker))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-admin from updating swarm docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $swarmDocker = Mockery::mock(SwarmDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $swarmDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new SwarmDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->update($user, $swarmDocker))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('allows team admin to delete swarm docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(true);
+
+    $swarmDocker = Mockery::mock(SwarmDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $swarmDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new SwarmDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $swarmDocker))->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('denies non-admin from deleting swarm docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+    $user->shouldReceive('isAdminOfTeam')->with(1)->andReturn(false);
+
+    $swarmDocker = Mockery::mock(SwarmDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $swarmDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new SwarmDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->delete($user, $swarmDocker))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies restore for swarm docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $swarmDocker = Mockery::mock(SwarmDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $swarmDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new SwarmDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->restore($user, $swarmDocker))->toBeFalse();
+});
+
+it('denies force delete for swarm docker', function () {
+    $user = Mockery::mock(User::class)->makePartial();
+
+    $swarmDocker = Mockery::mock(SwarmDocker::class)->makePartial();
+    $swarmDocker->shouldReceive('getAttribute')->with('server')->andReturn((object) ['team_id' => 1]);
+
+    $policy = new SwarmDockerPolicy;
+    expect($policy->forceDelete($user, $swarmDocker))->toBeFalse();
+});